tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-186790502024-03-07T16:23:31.419-08:00ThyraThyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.comBlogger808125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-87842265273392923542021-05-02T07:46:00.000-07:002021-05-02T07:46:07.758-07:00PARSLEY /PERSILLE<p> </p><div class="bbVIQb"><div class="ujudUb"><i><span>Are you going to Scarborough Fair?</span><br /><span>Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme</span><br /><span>Remember me to one who lives there</span><br /><span>She once was a true love of mine</span></i></div><div class="ujudUb"><span> </span></div></div>
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</b></span></i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0MkHdQvZ6Cfhpiow9-4M7pS55i19XM01gL6Nnaw23iasPPvv_zT_ZMnZg-CpbQ5dRiZ0wy5tH3DsBFNk8O6n2rHyTxO13P_H9-gnLfkBoisncgFfKmeY-ZfI_8cd5Zlqx8h1W/s1600/herb+spice+images.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDjRbxvFhjZgbSVNAakDQm-mwwKWqeTID9E6R74zzoS79BrPCUs03V-YAv4KXA9zzp_IvcTLm0s8u7AoHayPscEfRckFWgvzA0nrYAxw3N49V6VbJnCvnkvsp7s3Eh3I7zVU89/s1600/persille+Petroselinum_crispum_-_K%25C3%25B6hler%25E2%2580%2593s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-103.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDjRbxvFhjZgbSVNAakDQm-mwwKWqeTID9E6R74zzoS79BrPCUs03V-YAv4KXA9zzp_IvcTLm0s8u7AoHayPscEfRckFWgvzA0nrYAxw3N49V6VbJnCvnkvsp7s3Eh3I7zVU89/s320/persille+Petroselinum_crispum_-_K%25C3%25B6hler%25E2%2580%2593s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-103.jpg" width="223" /></a><br />
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<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><i>Spice Herb</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Petroselinum crispum </i></span><br />
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Parsley <i>Petroselinum crispum</i> is a species of Petroselinum in
the family Apiaceae, native to the central Mediterranean region and
naturalized elsewhere in Europe - it is widely cultivated as a herb, a
spice and a vegetable. The Latin name
Petroselinum means "that which grows upon a cliff". Parsley was in
ancient time shipped from Egypt to Greece and brought on to the Romans
who brought it with them to Middle Europe. Today it is cultivated all
over the world. Two main groups of
parsley used as herbs are curly leaf and the Italian flat leaf group
<i>(Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum). </i>The flat leaf group
more closely resembles the natural wild species. <span style="font-size: small;"> </span><br />
<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>In Denmark parsley is not a part of our wild flora but it is often seen feral from cultivating. Par</span><span>sley is the spice herb
most commonly used in Scandinavia. </span></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvARS-_mMwA8EZqGZjY_XqQyuI6jfTAZBgo0bvCXT6NEodmXpcO5h2TR_IWsGT_W9meGwJp_4Kck4w_BXITuopcSiWrI_XBv5NbEIJXPAi99KNL5YB6cm-OkwNeSSYOWFIV8Rt/s1600/persille+flat-leaved+1280px-Parsley_bush.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></div><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span>The
fresh look of the plant means that it can be cultivated
among the flowers in the garden and it is a fine border plant in the kitchen garden.</span><span> The ancient Greek gardens were often framed with a
border of parsley.</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span>Flat-leaved parsley
is preferred by some gardeners as it is easier to cultivate, it is
more tolerant of both rain and sunshine and has a stronger flavor, while curley leaf parsley is preferred by
others because of its more decorative appearance in garnishing. A
third type, sometimes grown in southern Italy, has thick leaf stems
resembling celery.
</span>
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<span><br /><span><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1RCiXSTVL7lnKctC9p3tEJWHwLRSupeTj0q10ZsNjjh07YMUJuRk0Bq9A9adIAAXmkIa61cw3R_1gieoiUCjgLVXx8I2DHgQTggSVN7VR7UosvgMB3DY6JN9vbESyRJ9lewpU/s1600/herb+spice+devil+2003-08-25-74-18Fanefjord.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="171" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1RCiXSTVL7lnKctC9p3tEJWHwLRSupeTj0q10ZsNjjh07YMUJuRk0Bq9A9adIAAXmkIa61cw3R_1gieoiUCjgLVXx8I2DHgQTggSVN7VR7UosvgMB3DY6JN9vbESyRJ9lewpU/w200-h171/herb+spice+devil+2003-08-25-74-18Fanefjord.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Devil, Fanefjord, Møn /GB</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table></span>Parsley is biennial,
the second year arrive lots of umbels with yellowgreen flowers and
with the characteristic two-piece fruits. After the blooming season the
leaves have a bitter taste. Parsley
is easy to
cultivate but it takes 7-8 weeks before you see a hint of something
above ground. In the old days it was said that it took such a long time
because the little seeds had to go seven times to and from the devil to
ask permission to get up. Each tour took one week. But when
Christianity arrived all the poor little seeds had to go seven times to
and from the pope before they could get up through the soil.</span> <br /><br /><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>T</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">he
seeds
can be sowed directly in the earth or in pots in spring. Some give the
advice to put the seeds in lukewarm water for 24 hours before sowing.
The seeds have a bitter taste and are not suited for food.</span> </span>Parsley
does not require the big care, but the rows with the new plants must be
kept free of weed and the earth must be loose If the parsley stands in a
very sunny spot it is necessary to water them regularly.<span style="font-size: small;">
<span>Parsley should never be cultivated in the same place two years in a row.</span></span><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> </div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">You
can start to pluck the leaves as soon as the plant has achieved a fair
size. If the plants get enough water they will grow well. Parsley
tolerates low temperatures well and you will be able to pluck fresh
parsley until Christmas. The plant<span style="font-size: small;"> <span style="font-size: small;">can overwinter but likes to be covered with
sprigs of spruce in the cold period, then you'll have the old
plant to pluck in early spring until it blooms and withers, while the newly
sowed parsley grows up and is ready for use in early summer. </span></span></div>
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</div>
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Before the cold weather arrives in the winter season the plant can be
moved to a pot and brought inside. When the leaves are plucked
regularly the plant will remain fine and bushy. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"> </span>
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<i><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Kitchen: </span></b><br /></i></div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: small; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Anna Ancher - Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi" class="n3VNCb" data-noaft="1" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Anna_Ancher_Pigen_i_koekkenet_1883-86.jpg/220px-Anna_Ancher_Pigen_i_koekkenet_1883-86.jpg" style="height: 284px; margin: 0px; width: 220px;" /> </span><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: small; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">A Greek proverb "to be in the parsley" means that you
have just started something.</span><i style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"> </i><br /><i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></i><span>Parsley
can be used as aroma and flavor enhancer in various dishes like
vegetables, sauces, soups, stew and fish. Parsley reconciles all kinds of
flavor so they go up in an artitstic unit. <span style="font-size: small;">P<span>arsley
leaves and root should be used while fresh, they should not be kept
more than two days before use. The leaves loose quickly the C-vitamin
contents which is also reduced by cooking </span></span><br />
<br />
<i>Fines herbes</i> is traditionally: estragon, parsley, chervil, chives.<br />
<br />
<i>Bouquet of herbs</i> for bouillabaise: fennel, lovage, 1 stalk hyssop, parsley, thyme, basil, sage, a bay leaf, and a little whole allspice. <br />
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
<br />
Parsley can be frozen or dried, when it is dried it is easy to crush in the hand. <span style="font-size: small;"><span>When
drying parsley the leaves easily grow yellow if the drying proces is
too long. It is better to dry the leaves in an open oven by 35 degrees
The dried leaves are kept in a glass jar.</span></span><br />
<span><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span>
</div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"></div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span><br /><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span><span style="font-size: small;">After a</span>
big meal a cup of parsley tea or a little parsley in vegetable juice is good.
If you chew parsley after meals with garlic or onion you'll get a fresh
breath .<span><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Fresh parsley is also suited
for freezing. Put fx finely chopped parsley in the icecube tray and it is then ready to put into the sauce. </span><br />
</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /><br /><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: medium;"><i><span>Poisonous:</span></i></span></b></div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>The difference between parsley and hemlock: crushed hemlock has a very unpleasant odor resembling cat piss. </span></i><br />
<i><span> </span></i></span>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjy5V2ivn2RElJeRfYFQO1wGsSjwCJjI9PyEB1am0blNWagZvQMVrR-wBU7CSNPJ6RFMXLR5KetuBhCdRcTea2MHhl9Vq_sEME8xCgEtHdmaVVkMcjGrFJCmGRum8agIDTFEBD2/s1600/anna+a+i+kokkenet+1883Anna_Ancher_Pigen_i_koekkenet_1883-86.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><span style="font-size: medium;">History: </span></i></b><br /></span><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLq-MYc1AmCA3E36iYstCKVI0S8NWmA_pjsfkejxz3kZcuwtQcbveVUX1RWCgVBEmgl4oeh1MZ5p1_65dRmDkkf5OogAp42cZqBoFoRB73ZgW0ll8nyxpsF_aSWXsAKh7PnFqP/s225/parsley+greek.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLq-MYc1AmCA3E36iYstCKVI0S8NWmA_pjsfkejxz3kZcuwtQcbveVUX1RWCgVBEmgl4oeh1MZ5p1_65dRmDkkf5OogAp42cZqBoFoRB73ZgW0ll8nyxpsF_aSWXsAKh7PnFqP/s0/parsley+greek.jpg" /></a><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Parsley is
described in a Greek herbal in the 3rd century B.C. In the Middle Ages
parsley was often called the Devil's herb. People were convinced it
meant death if the plant was moved from its place.</span> </span>The ancient Greeks considered parsley a bad plant and as a symbol of death and therefore it was used in funeral rituals.<br />
<br />
In Rome however parsley was very popular. A garland of parsley was said
to stop drunkenness - and the Romans had already discovered its good
qualities in the kitchen too. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
In Greek mythology the hero Archemorus took part in the Istmian Games -
religious festivals which were celebrated at the island Isthmos in
honor of the god Poseidon. Archemorus was wounded and when the drops of
blood fell to the ground the parsley grew up and a victory garland was
made for him from the herb. The Greeks and Romans decorated themselves
with festival garlands where bunches of parsley were braided together
with other plants and flowers. </div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
King Mithridates, king of Pontos, was a fine botanist who knew all
poisonous plants. He murdered his own family with poison, but he was
afraid of being poisoned himself, and he invented an effective antidote:
thyme, coriander, rue and many other spice herbs and lots of parsley.
Nero later improved the recipe. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>Medicine:</span></span></b></i></div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8Y3OuEm46HNtWiFLSNv4Tg3mg1DxLDuuzYE1lFudICRR1LeBcVPLONwwP1hPBWvIDBmBJDEP1JoBU-qtAKJ0o5hyphenhyphenNoNLy2VCIttPzMdvNKcuog_ZJnFx7YYSfzgmwt511Ez4U/s227/persille+index.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="222" data-original-width="227" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8Y3OuEm46HNtWiFLSNv4Tg3mg1DxLDuuzYE1lFudICRR1LeBcVPLONwwP1hPBWvIDBmBJDEP1JoBU-qtAKJ0o5hyphenhyphenNoNLy2VCIttPzMdvNKcuog_ZJnFx7YYSfzgmwt511Ez4U/w200-h196/persille+index.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br />The Romans gave the gladiators parsley
before they had to go to fight in the arena - it had almost the same
effect as the spinach had on Pop-eye whose arm muscles grew to the
double !</span></span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Parsley
was also used as a medicine plant in Antiquitiy, but Plinius warned however
people against eating parsley beause it might make men and women unable
to have children.</span><span><span> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span><span>Plinius
also wrote that the plant was useful to spread in a fish pond in order to cure sick fish.</span></span><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Highly
fragrant plants had a prominent place among the
contraceptives and here was the origin of the brides' myrtle
wreath, which should manifest that she no longer needed to drink parsley
tea. Since </span><span>parsley
is strongly diuretic and contractive with a strong effect on the
uterus, parsley oil was in the past used as a means to induce
abortion, The frivolous girls' streets in Paris were called "The
Parsley Streets". </span></span></span></div><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span><span style="font-size: small;"><span> </span></span><br />
</span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">Parsley is a
useful drug as well as a well-tasting spice herb. In spite of some
superstition parsley was highly appreciated in ancient times, also as an
effective
aphrodisiac. The doctors prescribed it in medicine for almost all
everything. It was also in great demand as for gastronomy - and Galen
said
about 1800 years ago that it was a good and healthy herb to have in the
garden. Culpeper said that parsley was ruled by Mercury who was the
light messenger of
the gods Later he became the protector of the highwaymen and the god of
trade.</div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /><span style="font-size: small;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhadonFNuWUmjRgnDPym2UTUnCdRDsCBeUoLgtR2VcEQV3uQrxlxsCdCgzGiFguxi_fATKaLnpscRVykI5Y7daaHNt7XpoR4Yr7B8rkut2VgrL66dQSlrmxOjpc3aBNwKgMIGHv/s1600/oersillerod+Wurzelpetersilie_Wurzel.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="124" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhadonFNuWUmjRgnDPym2UTUnCdRDsCBeUoLgtR2VcEQV3uQrxlxsCdCgzGiFguxi_fATKaLnpscRVykI5Y7daaHNt7XpoR4Yr7B8rkut2VgrL66dQSlrmxOjpc3aBNwKgMIGHv/s200/oersillerod+Wurzelpetersilie_Wurzel.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>parsley root, wiki</i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsrCcFnKMOajqEj7NUyr8OX8EJYwqSeuOMb4NIIEdAY-kXqARz9R5JMu84TVC3Aq-giytbg2Tp-kvis3xN6i-H4tmnDuSvaT0nU2qtEQVWYKzj-U3z41GnkO6_nhUjfgt8OK8k/s1600/herb+spice+seeds+Parsley_seeds%2528%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A7%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BF%2529.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></i></div>
<i>
</i></td></tr>
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</span>In medicine it was especially the root
and the seeds of the plant which were used. They were a good help in
bladder diseases, urinary infections, dropsy, kidney disorders. Soldiers
in WWI, who suffered from kidney disorders associated with diarrhea, had
prescribed parsley. <span style="font-size: small;">P<span>arsley's etheric oil contains apiol which irritates the kidneys and therefore works strongly diuretic. It is also used in </span><span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">rheumatic diseases, since it works conducive on the secretion of </span></span></span><span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">accumulated waste products in the body. </span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"> </span>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>As said above parsley is strongly diuretic
and well suited for the treatment of urinary infections and for water
retention, parsley stimulates the uric acid excretion and is good for
gout, it increases the amount of breast milk and works stimulating
in the musculature of the womb.<span style="font-size: small;"> It<span> is
the cause using parsley in migraine, asthma and other conditions which
have to do
with cramps in the smooth musculature. The substance apiol, which is a
part of the etheric oil, works however specifically stimulating on the
musculature in the uterus. Apiol is </span><span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">by far the</span> <span class="hps">highest concentration</span></span> of the seeds and pregnant women should not take <i>parsley seeds</i> or <i>compositions made from these. </i></span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhizLcHgM04VB7JS6QQ9wOV8YrfpVBs5Ju-Jk0OWOzPZ_8stYPZRMhHdNotFHLCzQ46mfl019FxXGek8_qPbsKWSLwQpFYwrqmcGlLrLT7q8kJkOR0I4501bQbAJznjMdqG2FDS/s1600/persille+Petroselinum.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhizLcHgM04VB7JS6QQ9wOV8YrfpVBs5Ju-Jk0OWOzPZ_8stYPZRMhHdNotFHLCzQ46mfl019FxXGek8_qPbsKWSLwQpFYwrqmcGlLrLT7q8kJkOR0I4501bQbAJznjMdqG2FDS/s1600/persille+Petroselinum.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Parsley , wiki</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Parsley
was like uniper berries a means against edemas and a good means against
long bladder infections</span> </span>The
parsley seeds were used in a decoct against malaria, and it was used as a
painkilling medicine in neurological disorders. The fresh leaves were
put on tumors and insect bites.<span style="font-size: small;"><span>It was
also used in problems with prostate after an inflammation. A mix of
chopped parsley, salt and oil was used against toothache. </span></span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;">T<span>he fruits and the root are still used in folk medicine against kidney disorders and </span><span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">dysmenorrhea, intestinal colic and as a diuretic. </span></span></span></span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Warning:</i></span></b>
<span style="font-size: small;">Since the fruits - because of the apiol-content - in large doses
and for a long times' use can give severe liver damage, intestinal
inflammations and even paralysis of the central nervous system they must be used with utmost care, <i> </i></span></span><span style="font-size: small;">
</span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div><span style="font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: large;">Vitamines </span></span></i></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Parsley
is extremely valuable as a nutrient. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">Lots of vitamin A, it is also one of the most valuable C-vitamin plants which contains almost twice as much ascorbin acid
as black currant. Besides this it has also considerable amount of B
vitamin . Parsley has seven times more A vitamin than carrots and four times more than in Spinach and it is very rich in
minerals. Parsley is also rich in iron and strengthens the blood. </span></div>
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">Cosmetics</span></i><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Decoct of parsley as face water or upon protruding veins. </span><br />
<span>Parsley juice used to bleach freckles. </span></span>
</div>
Macerated in water used as a hair rinse.<br />
<div style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br />
<b><i>Source:</i></b><i> </i><br />
<i>Anemette Olesen: Krydderurter i Haven; Annemarta Borgen:
Krydderurtehaven på Knatten; Helbredende urter, Politiken ; Li Hillker:
Naturens egen lægebog; Magna Leth: Havens Krydderurter; Lægeplanter i
farver, Politiken ; Hans Wohlmuth: Lægeplanter og Krydderurter til
husbehov.</i><br />
<br />
<i>foto: grethe bachmann </i><br />
<i>foto: wikipedia </i></div>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-40162212947143924572021-05-02T00:25:00.002-07:002021-05-02T00:25:17.310-07:00A Medieval Banquet at the Bishop's House<div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-8961452955465393721" itemprop="description articleBody">
<br /><a href="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Spottrup7-8A.1.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Spottrup7-8A.1.jpg" /></a><br /><em>Spøttrup, a bishop's castle, North Jutland</em><br /><br />The
chancellor started the banquet by saying grace, and later the curate
read from the Holy Scripture. During dinner was entertainment by folk
musicians with fifes and drums and some appeareances by the jester. It
was a principal concept to let music and other cultural experiences
accompany a high gastronomic cuisine. The ten-course dinner was served
in several dining rooms in the hishop's house. The bishop himself was
dining in the biggest room ('borgstuen') together with his highly
trusted staff and special guests. Only the bishop was served every
course on a daily basis, but on a big festival all courses were shared
by everyone.<br /><br />Table cloth in several layers covered the tables in
the dining rooms. The service were mainly ceramics or wood and eventual
pewter, and the cutlery were knives, spoons and the fingers, since the
fork had not yet arrived. Glass ware was seldom in use by the Norse
Tables, as people had a bad habit of crushing the valuable glass after
drinking. A cupbearer, called the 'Kredens', had the job to cut meat
and bread - and also to taste food and drink, before it was served to
the bishop and the party. A comprehensive domestic staff was present at a
ceremony like this; they were young men from the nobility. This was a
part of their good breeding in order to be able to serve Royal visitors
and other VIPs in the most distinguished way in their own manor one day.<br /><br />The
water bowl for dipping hands at some special parties today is not a new
invention. During and after meals servants carried basins with rose
water and towels for the party to have their hands washed and dried.
Between meals several festive sights were shown to the guests. Servants
carried along magnificent show dishes, large decorated centrepieces with
peacocks and other animals, together with decorated patés with
ingenious lids, indicating the contents.<br /><br />Example of a menu:<br />1) spit-roast leg of lamb (spices: thyme, sage, parsley, cinnamon, garlic, wine vinegar, salt)<br />2)
wine soup (egg yolks, sugar, grated nutmeg, saffron, white wine, a
stick of cinnamon, grated ginger, butter roasted bread squares)<br />3) boiled beed (salt, vinegar, chopped sage)<br />4) poched eggs<br />5) fried venison tenderloin (fresh ginger, pepper, salt, butter, venisonstock, white bread without crust)<br />6)
boiled pike ( Hamburg parsley, parsley, white bread without crust,
white wine, white vinegar, fresh grated ginger, white pepper, crushed
cinnamon, sugar, cloves and saffron)<br />7) paté venison (deer shoulder, fat, salt, black pepper, fresh ginger)<br />8)
fried pigeons ( butter, vinegar, red wine, fresh ginger, a stick of
cinnamon, black pepper, sugar, salt, saffron, white bread without crust)<br />9) fresh cheese<br />10)
fig dessert ( dried figs, evt. mead, white bread without crust,
almonds, currants, fresh grated ginger, a stick of cinnamon, sugar,
saffron, whipped cream)<br /><br />For some courses were served vegetables,
i.e. all sorts of root and leguminous fruits and cabbage, and leek,
onion, garlic. Some of the bread, served for religious feasts were small
'sacred' breads.<br /><span style="font-style: italic;"></span><br /><a href="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Spottrup7-3A.0.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Spottrup7-3A.0.jpg" /></a><br /><em>Spøttrup, a bishop's castle, North Jutland</em><br /><em><br /><strong>Herbs and Spices.<br /></strong></em>Common
medicine plants in Denmark in the Middle Ages were angelica, parsley,
chives, horse-radish, Danish cumin, mustard, dill, fennel, cress,
dandelion etc. Some other herbs, used to grow in warmer climate, arrived
with the monks, who cultivated them in the closter gardens from about
1100s; they were rosemary, basil, lavender, hyssop, savory, marjoram,
oregano, currant, sage, thyme, borage, curled mint, peppermint and
lovage. The Oriental spices arrived to the North via the Hansa. Black
pepper seems to have been most widely spread. Bachelors worked for the
Hansa selling pepper and other spices, and they were not allowed to
marry. From this custom origins the Danish expression 'Pebersvend'
(Pepper Boy). The word Pebersvend is still in use in Denmark, and if a
guy is not yet married on his 30th birthday, then his presents might
still be some fine pepper pots.<br /><br />All these herbs and spices are
mentioned in the Danish physician Henrik Harpestræng's herbal book, but
there is no doubt that only very well-off people could afford such
luxury. In the Middle Ages pepper and other Oriental spices were very
precious, and spices like saffron , cloves, cinnamon, nutmeg, mace,
cardamom, ginger etc. were imported to Denmark in a limited quantity. In
the Danish king Christoffer III of Bayern's court accounts from 1447 is
told about some purchase of precious spices for a festival.<br /><br />The
doctors at court were very important. From medieval courts at Richard II
of England and Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, is described how the
doctor at court had to take care of the prince and his family's good
health.The doctor and the cooks prepared the food together, and the
choice of medicinal herbs played a big part, since they contributed to
give the course an intentional balance. During dinner the doctor stood
by the prince's table, where he gave instructions as to the proper
composition concerning the well-being of the prince.<br /><br /><strong><em>Theriak.</em></strong><br />But
there were also other reasons for taking care of the prince and other
important persons by the dinner table. A serious problem was the safety
around food and drinks, as the period was known for poisoning royalties
and other significant people. The 'Kredens' /cupbearer had to taste all
food and drinks, before they were served. A preventive means, an
antidote, Theriak, was placed upon the table in a fine vessel, often
formed like a ship and made in silver, but also the salt and pepper were
being watched over. The salt vessel had to be covered, and between
meals it was kept in the 'Silver Chamber'.<br /><br />Theriak was an Arabic
invention from the late 1100s, which is also described in the Danish
physician Henrik Smith's herbal book. It consisted of birthwort
(Aristolochia) , gentian, laurel, the best and noblest myrrh and honey.
The original Arabic theriak contained snake, but this was replaced by
crushed powder from the strong and poisonous herb birthwort. (Danish
name: slangerod =snake's root) It was also a common advise to use the
powder of the root against snake bites and as an emetic. In the morning
it was recommended to take theriak in the size of a hazelnut. This would
protect humans from plague etc., and it was said in general to be
suitable for both man and beast.<br /><br /><em><strong>Medicine puré:<br /></strong></em>Some
medicine puré mentioned in a medical adviser like 'Conserva' and
'Electuarum' and 'Latverge' (German) showed to be a forerunner for
today's assorted chocolates and other goodies. In Queen Christina's
court accounts from 1510-12 was bought cinnamon- and ginger candy,
almond- and anis candy etc. Henrik Smith's collection of recipes from
1546 gave common people the opportunity to make these goodies
themselves. A medicine puré could be barley groat puré with figs and
raisins, cooked with water into a consistency like a thick syrup, and
when cool, sprayed with grounded cinnamon - and maybe served with crême
fraiche!<br /><br />Source: Bente Leed: Danskernes mad i middelalderen, 1999.<br /><br /><em>photo Spøttrup: grethe bachmann</em>
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<a href="https://thyra2005.blogspot.com/search/label/clergy" rel="tag">clergy</a>,
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<div class="post-header">
</div>
<div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-7031206336997082029" itemprop="description articleBody">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTKjF4QNKSm1WtlCrJ-tw3I1tSCZkwPCgFzoNixjO_32l7RhDHl9DNgRJV3DuMVOOcaCpe9YZyRZ2KB6vpBlYVUOX2V2eyMCUdT-JmbJhrFXfY-fk6XOZSIOoNf10Q4d8dwnMU4w/s1600-h/mistelsten2.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5413612798880245346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTKjF4QNKSm1WtlCrJ-tw3I1tSCZkwPCgFzoNixjO_32l7RhDHl9DNgRJV3DuMVOOcaCpe9YZyRZ2KB6vpBlYVUOX2V2eyMCUdT-JmbJhrFXfY-fk6XOZSIOoNf10Q4d8dwnMU4w/s320/mistelsten2.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 213px; width: 320px;" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-CJhEnWWomLIcOj4BCuqAyd5lu7JwjzZCQtL_zVA5VvHYcS8uRjdoYmwIZCwHx1Ps4zgvxKKdVm_EF2gbtWIrlET23WwGAGfWrCLcwEk4q8nr8-ECHV3-1hcwKXt08UDZdLBhxA/s1600-h/mistelten1.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5413612707110415202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-CJhEnWWomLIcOj4BCuqAyd5lu7JwjzZCQtL_zVA5VvHYcS8uRjdoYmwIZCwHx1Ps4zgvxKKdVm_EF2gbtWIrlET23WwGAGfWrCLcwEk4q8nr8-ECHV3-1hcwKXt08UDZdLBhxA/s320/mistelten1.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 213px; width: 320px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Mistletoe/Mistelten</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">Viscum album</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">photo Paris, October 2009: stig bachmann nielsen</span>, <a href="http://www.naturplan.dk/foto/default.php">Naturplan Foto </a><br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Flora and Fauna </span></i><br />
The Old Norse word for mistletoe is mistiltein. The evergreen 20-70 cm
high bushy plant is a parasite, in Denmark found especially on apple,
hawthorn, poplar and birch - the stalks are bifurcated and articulated
with oblong leatherlike leaves, the small yellow-green flowers are in
the bifurcate-corners, the berries contain a sticky juice. It is
planted in many gardens and parks, in Knuthenborg park at Lolland
(southern DK-island) is a large growth - from here are sold twigs for
gardeners and flower-shops at Christmas time.The mistletoe immigrated
about 7000 years ago. Pollen analyses show that the mistletoe was
common in DK in <span style="font-style: italic;">egetiden </span>(the
oak-period), but declined between Bronze and Iron age - it might later
have disappeared, but was brought back in the Middle Ages with the
improved sweet-appletrees from Middle Europe. The plant was considered a
sickly excrescence and was therefore destroyed in many places by
people in present times.<br />
<br />
<br />
<i>Folklore </i><br />
The word Mistletoe is synonym with the Greek word mysterion, and the
plant mistletoe was always wrapped in superstition, mystery and
fascinating imaginations. It had a symbolic significance connected to
purity and innocence, and it was able to keep away evil, misfortune and
witchcraft - therefore people hung it over their doors by midwinter to
protect themselves against the evil demons who feared the Green - but
the evergreen plant was also a symbol of people's welcome to the
increasing light after winter solstice.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSyrrhGzDWKszsKIzxuH2fnIP4kYJrninXZYOVXlUkIx1JLXC_Y81ojSGS9HbgBiTjNLbdgkhKWL1j1_JZ5OPfYZlP4SumA2lYkJg9ve-WC-f-tx905UMsHqRvc_6_eqbM5KQI/s1600/balder+220px-Each_arrow_overshot_his_head_by_Elmer_Boyd_Smith.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSyrrhGzDWKszsKIzxuH2fnIP4kYJrninXZYOVXlUkIx1JLXC_Y81ojSGS9HbgBiTjNLbdgkhKWL1j1_JZ5OPfYZlP4SumA2lYkJg9ve-WC-f-tx905UMsHqRvc_6_eqbM5KQI/s320/balder+220px-Each_arrow_overshot_his_head_by_Elmer_Boyd_Smith.jpg" width="196" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Elmer Boyd Smith 1902, Balder</td></tr>
</tbody></table>Although many sources say that kissing under the
mistletoe is a purely English custom, there is another explanation for
its origin that extends into Norse mythology. It's the story of a
loving if overprotecting mother. The Norse god, Balder, was the best
loved of all the gods. His mother was Frigga, goddess of love and
beauty. She loved her son so much that she wanted to make sure that no
harm would come to him. So she went through the world, securing
promises from everything that sprang from the four elements, fire,
water, air and earth - that they would not harm her beloved Balder. But
then Loki turned up, a sly, evil spirit, and he found the loophole.
The loophole was the mistletoe. He made an arrow from its wood, and
then he revealed his nasty and treacherous mind. He took the arrow to
Hoder, Balder's brother, who was blind. Guiding Hoder's hand, Loki
directed the arrow at Balder's heart, and he fell dead. Frigga's tears
became the mistletoe's berries. In the version of the story with a
happy ending, Balder is restored to life, and Frigga is so grateful
that she reverses the reputation of the offending plant - making it a
symbol of love and promising to bestow a kiss upon anyone who passes
under it.<br />
<br />
<br />
Mistel (<span style="font-style: italic;">Mistil</span>) is together with tidsel (<span style="font-style: italic;">tistil</span>) and a little kiste (<span style="font-style: italic;">kistil </span>=
box) mentioned in a magic formula upon a rune stone found at Gørlev in
northwest Sjælland. A branch placed in the stock of the gun abolished
a witchcraft which caused no shot to hit target - at Christmas and New
Year's Eve the plant was hung upon fruit trees, which then would bear
much fruit. The plant became a symbol of purity and innocence, to kiss
under the mistletoe was a sign of love. The girl who did not get a kiss
under the mistletoe, would not be a bride the following year. On
Christmas Eve it was allowed to kiss every girl who came to you under a
mistletoe. The custom origins from England. In the year 1888 the
mistletoe was used for the first time in a Danish Christmas - and since
then it was often used as a Christmas symbol. Misteltoe is especially
imported from Italy.<br />
<br />
The folklore and the magical powers of this plant blossomed over the
centuries. To burn the herb banished evil, and a magic quality like
invisibility was achieved by wearing the herb around the neck. A sprig
placed in a baby's cradle would prevent the child from being mixed up
or abducted by the fairies. Put under the pillow at night mistletoe
promoted sleep and beautiful dreams.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-hwcWO8vXQKQ-k6vHOeQHSm78MuDRZ5_xA2-ugZkANfcRjtigzA-UO8ffBJzRuGcXVSZLVc9NTPoI8_b-VhmoLuavzIGvRqe_lm2Dpv0UXAwFyRv_tZXulbGJpbWN9K8CDfi1/s1600/mistle+henri+paul+motte+1895.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-hwcWO8vXQKQ-k6vHOeQHSm78MuDRZ5_xA2-ugZkANfcRjtigzA-UO8ffBJzRuGcXVSZLVc9NTPoI8_b-VhmoLuavzIGvRqe_lm2Dpv0UXAwFyRv_tZXulbGJpbWN9K8CDfi1/s1600/mistle+henri+paul+motte+1895.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Druids cutting Mistletoe, Henri Paul Motte 1895</td></tr>
</tbody></table>From the Celtic tradition the Mistletoe was known as
the golden bough, and it was held sacred by both the Celtic Druids and
the Norse. The plant was used in forms of immortality conditions and in
order to open locked doors, and the Druids used mistletoe in a very
special ceremony, held around the sixth day after the New Moon in the
new year. The Druids had to cut the mistletoe from a holy oak tree with
a golden sickle and let it fall down upon a white cloth. This scenery
is also known from Asterix! The priests then divided the branches into
many sprigs and distributed them to people, who hung them over their
doorways as protection against lightning strikes and other evils. The
power of the mistletoe lasted until the Twelfth Night.<br />
<br />
<br />
<i>Medicine</i><br />
Mistletoe was once called All-heal, and it was used in folk medicines
to cure many ills. Wearing a ring cut in mistletoe prevented illness,
and women wore the herb in order to conceive. The use of mistletoe in
Denmark goes back to what was written in Antiquity about the plant in
southern Europe, where it was considered to be fertilizing. Giving a
sprig to the first cow calving after New Year would protect the entire
herd. The plant was also known to give good luck in hunting, and if
enemies by chance met in a forest where mistletoe grew, they laid down
their arms and maintained a truce until next day. If it was plucked in
March at new moon and hung around the child's neck it would protect the
child against epilepsy. Simon Paulli said in 1648: crushed mistletoe
alone or mixed with peony seeds and roots drunk in
lily-of-the-valley-water on every change of the moon against epilepsy -
some women added gold dust filed from heritage or from their wedding
ring - and they felt protected from this terrible and bad disease.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Others.</span><br />
The
plant was considered to counteract nightmares and protect sheep
against Fasciola hepatica. Stalks, leaves and berries were written into
the Danish Pharmacopoeia in 1772-1850; in Danish pharmacies was still
in 1922 used a formula collection with mistletoe, mixed in a means
against epilepsy, and "<i>Markgrevindens pulver</i>" (the powder of a
countess) was in pharmacies as late as in 1950. From the berries were,
cooked together with linseed oil and white spirit, made a birdlime
catching little birds, (now forbidden). And cooked with lye-salt the
berries gave a good soap.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP6HfxV1_EKtVtt1l-_hgVsaGFZ1LNyHGET8ncOzBiLfwXGeXMWCaDSSciSa2sr3wc5sAyxSLLjP8XZHdiUXs9PRMi9_OLqNzTza9uzoN4E4Am7TkV38zW5TP-IYTbDeKupPVm/s1600/asterix-animated-gif1+asterix.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"> </a></div><span style="font-style: italic;">Source: V.J.Brøndegaard, Folk og Flora, Dansk Etnobotanik, 3, 1979</span>
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</div>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-28518315594290137042020-11-03T05:06:00.002-08:002020-11-03T05:13:44.799-08:00November Images<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEu7ZJgaq6uie1GaKAaT_6JPPHxjzU2z1zDH8_obAm-vag-cul41EOptT1oQBQDCybYucQe-aO5_TPlTa6snNZ_mvr3jGLYiawwJoLLn4xPsGPquoGaqXSx5_mvl7grU-Xi52M/s908/DSC_4344+ved+Brudesoe.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="908" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEu7ZJgaq6uie1GaKAaT_6JPPHxjzU2z1zDH8_obAm-vag-cul41EOptT1oQBQDCybYucQe-aO5_TPlTa6snNZ_mvr3jGLYiawwJoLLn4xPsGPquoGaqXSx5_mvl7grU-Xi52M/w640-h426/DSC_4344+ved+Brudesoe.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><p></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><span>To Autumn </span></b></span></i><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p><p><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><br />
<span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,<br />
Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;<br />
Conspiring with him how to load and bless<br />
With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;<br />
To bend with apples the moss’d cottage-trees,<br />
And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;<br />
To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells<br />
With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,<br />
And still more, later flowers for the bees,<br />
Until they think warm days will never cease,<br />
For Summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells.<br />
</span></span><br /><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1fNzP0JQ2gK44V7LI0XH2aKqN5EH3wazxrtw1rwHlsJZbR684sU_OM_IgTvM-k21H0LdJozCAh9UkzBwds-RNj1NFmd6u2aiOss6CGTK3A1qNPYYDr77Uk9PwRCx-iAFteL72/s808/Fussingoe+090+baad.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="537" data-original-width="808" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1fNzP0JQ2gK44V7LI0XH2aKqN5EH3wazxrtw1rwHlsJZbR684sU_OM_IgTvM-k21H0LdJozCAh9UkzBwds-RNj1NFmd6u2aiOss6CGTK3A1qNPYYDr77Uk9PwRCx-iAFteL72/w640-h426/Fussingoe+090+baad.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span>
Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?<br />
Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find<br />
Thee sitting careless on a granary floor, <br />
Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing wind;<br />
Or on a half-reap’d furrow sound asleep,<br />
Drows’d with the fume of poppies, while thy hook<br />
Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers:<br />
And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep<br />
Steady thy laden head across a brook;<br />
Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,<br />
Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.<br />
</span></span><br /><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC8YmS9vp0n2SIBy97kElfbFNO7ccDzmjmsrblQXH7AEt-NoBc4BKrrl2jkUv-pDiVwVqAnTlgHrVjPAssGsZ1WbU0c12kNtPI-CGa3CHa02FDzu97A_-TKAJR8vR__jSiLOzx/s808/Fussingoe+065+farver.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="537" data-original-width="808" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC8YmS9vp0n2SIBy97kElfbFNO7ccDzmjmsrblQXH7AEt-NoBc4BKrrl2jkUv-pDiVwVqAnTlgHrVjPAssGsZ1WbU0c12kNtPI-CGa3CHa02FDzu97A_-TKAJR8vR__jSiLOzx/w640-h426/Fussingoe+065+farver.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span>
Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?<br />
Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,—<br />
While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day,<br />
And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;<br />
Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mourn<br />
Among the river sallows, borne aloft<br />
Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies;<br />
And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;<br />
Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft<br />
The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft;<br />
And gathering swallows twitter in the skies</span></span><br />
</p><p></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJRXKYvuolyJw9LNR-nJPZ5_DcyjwLl_HaDauztCgVzPOoEL2ojXz82aizQokMbl182a5_kgoTdJi-NCj9gBZ0WfwjQD2zsrpkoeefE54p4RJ708_xGJndF04IDfF4d7DoxHed/s808/Fussingoe+105+skoven.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="537" data-original-width="808" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJRXKYvuolyJw9LNR-nJPZ5_DcyjwLl_HaDauztCgVzPOoEL2ojXz82aizQokMbl182a5_kgoTdJi-NCj9gBZ0WfwjQD2zsrpkoeefE54p4RJ708_xGJndF04IDfF4d7DoxHed/w640-h426/Fussingoe+105+skoven.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW5kaSOJev9bQf_N8iUSv6TiQQA2faTvVPR5J8uOpgyzbZK0DAKjdFrJRBRSfC51U1UlTkXbFYk75FRyzmx72DgtRRY_5-lO66NDtgcZ9uEeRo_ecjoAMmOJRq_t3HM_VejKaK/s808/Fussingoe+042+hyben.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><i><span style="font-size: large;">John Keats (1795-1821)<br /></span></i><br /> <p></p>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-39244931592045495632020-01-24T09:55:00.000-08:002020-01-24T09:55:29.752-08:00Alphonse Mucha and Art Noveau<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9HU3UTxvCI-_FwHTB-Lwasd-FMVGjc3jh2WLbMo1nYeUmx59beZH9ck023KSHOwKnM4g5aoMHvaymojxPb6ck0mJGyA9GS573pSug_4M8Gc6EIkeS9o1zsb6MRytSjPRBFsvM/s1600/mucha+800px-Alfons_Mucha_Selbstportr%25C3%25A4t.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1215" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9HU3UTxvCI-_FwHTB-Lwasd-FMVGjc3jh2WLbMo1nYeUmx59beZH9ck023KSHOwKnM4g5aoMHvaymojxPb6ck0mJGyA9GS573pSug_4M8Gc6EIkeS9o1zsb6MRytSjPRBFsvM/s320/mucha+800px-Alfons_Mucha_Selbstportr%25C3%25A4t.jpg" width="210" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mucha,selfportrait</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i>Alfons Maria Mucha </i> 24 July 1860 – 14 July 1939, known internationally as <b>Alphonse Mucha</b>, was a Czech painter, illustrator and graphic artist, living in Paris during the Art Noveau period, best known for his distinctly stylized and decorative theatrical posters . His illustrations, decorative panels, and
designs, became among the best-known images of the period.<br />
<br />
Alphonse Mucha was born in the small town of Ivancíce in Moravia, now a region of the Czech republic. He showed an early talent for drawing. His father was a court usher, his mother a miller's daughter. In 1871 Mucha became a chorister at the cathedral of
Brno, where he received his secondary school education. His singing abilities allowed him to continue his musical education at the Gymnázium Brno in the Moravian capital of Brno, but his true ambition was to become an artist, and in 1878
he applied without success to the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague, but
was rejected and advised "to find a different career". <br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuRnrXMkyLnz1K0JnU1PMwXv2pPqvd3zL8bMDu8ORUjonZcZ0U8mB89Z3bgwL9FxzgbT8KveIqwnomGBSXzrnZ0HKl2iXsqZYqKl23Fz1hgFFKtp12H2o423zQTkpuiRYszRPd/s1600/Mucha+King_P%25C5%2599emysl_Otakar_II_of_Bohemia_-_Alfons_Mucha.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="870" data-original-width="1024" height="540" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuRnrXMkyLnz1K0JnU1PMwXv2pPqvd3zL8bMDu8ORUjonZcZ0U8mB89Z3bgwL9FxzgbT8KveIqwnomGBSXzrnZ0HKl2iXsqZYqKl23Fz1hgFFKtp12H2o423zQTkpuiRYszRPd/s640/Mucha+King_P%25C5%2599emysl_Otakar_II_of_Bohemia_-_Alfons_Mucha.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Slav Epic. King Premysl Ottokar of Bohemia</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
In 1880 he travelled to Vienna and found employment as a scenery painter for Vienna theaters. Here he
discovered the museums, churches, palaces and especially theaters and also Hans Makart, who created murals for
palaces and government buildings in Vienna. His style turned
Mucha in that artistic direction and influenced his later work. He also began experimenting with photography, which became an important tool in his later work.<br />
<br />
Later in 1881 he went by train to Mikulov in southern Moravia, and began making portraits, decorative art and lettering for tombstones.
His work was appreciated, and he was commissioned by Count Eduard
Khuen Belasi, a local landlord and nobleman, to paint a series of murals
for his residence at Emmahof Castle, and at his ancestral home in
the Tyrol,
Gandegg Castle. The paintings at Emmahof were destroyed by fire in
1948, but his early versions in small format exist and are now on display at
the museum in Brno. He showed his skill at mythological themes, the
female form, and lush vegetal decoration. <br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX-9QahpXcG9-Ufp9n7uIon6lwKboKb_DBpLV5DvrXAdXwpipeDP-ttSXQOdPCgcgUl_lbBzsezuuRmHOhfc__XmKowzJUaqr06Gb99z8Ipd_251BLvPZBwwK5xDc5x1vclLbj/s1600/Mucha+vecer.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="886" data-original-width="333" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX-9QahpXcG9-Ufp9n7uIon6lwKboKb_DBpLV5DvrXAdXwpipeDP-ttSXQOdPCgcgUl_lbBzsezuuRmHOhfc__XmKowzJUaqr06Gb99z8Ipd_251BLvPZBwwK5xDc5x1vclLbj/s640/Mucha+vecer.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From Museum in <br />
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Prague</td></tr>
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Count Belasi decided to bring Mucha to Munich for formal training, and paid his tuition and cost of living at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. He moved there in September 1885. He became friends with a number of notable Slavic artists there, including
the Czechs Karel Vitezslav Masek, Ludek Marold and the Russian Leonid Pasternak, father of the famous novellist Boris Pasternak. He founded a Czech students' club, and contributed political
illustrations to nationalist publications in Prague. In 1886 he received
a notable commission for a painting of the Czech patron Saints Cyril and Methodius, from a group of Czech emigrants, including some of his relatives, who had founded a Roman Catholic church in the town of Oisek, North Dakota. He was happy with the artistic environment of Munich, but found he could not remain there forever; the Bavarian
authorities imposed increasing restrictions upon foreign students and
residents. With Count Belasi's financial support, he decided in 1887 to move to
Paris.In Paris, in 1888, he enrolled in the Academie Julian - and the following year, 1889, Academie Colarossi. His first professors at the Academie Julian were Jules Lefebre, who specialized in female nudes and allegorical paintings, and Jean Paul Laurens, whose specialties were historical and religious paintings in a realistic and dramatic style. At the end of 1889, as he approached the age of thirty, his patron,
Count Belasi, decided that Mucha had received enough education and ended
his subsidies.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiKjbK57FfSbayxJTqmuy2yYRpMnr4LZgKnqo_bgAlG2TXu4dypha1Vh4GoBVZWrnQMcB4dzZragZ_-QfdgjXRLzJQFtweb1cPEBjSDYaLSTLG76OLaBeyNqnZPcz5YWQlnGY-/s1600/Mucha+prophetess-1896-jpg-hd.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="999" data-original-width="1600" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiKjbK57FfSbayxJTqmuy2yYRpMnr4LZgKnqo_bgAlG2TXu4dypha1Vh4GoBVZWrnQMcB4dzZragZ_-QfdgjXRLzJQFtweb1cPEBjSDYaLSTLG76OLaBeyNqnZPcz5YWQlnGY-/s320/Mucha+prophetess-1896-jpg-hd.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Museum: Prophetess</td></tr>
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In Paris, Mucha found shelter with the help of
the large Slavic community. He lived in a boarding house called the
Crémerie at 13 rue de la Grand Chaumerie, whose owner, Charlotte Caron,
was famous for sheltering struggling artists; when needed she accepted
paintings or drawings in place of rent. Mucha decided to follow the
path of another Czech painter he knew from Munich, Ludek Marold,
who had made a successful career as an illustrator for magazines. In
1890 and 1891, he began providing illustrations for the weekly magazine <i>La Vie popular</i>, which published novels in weekly segments. His illustration for a novel by Guy de Maupassant, called <i>The Useless Beauty</i>, was on the cover of the 22 May 1890 edition.<br />
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His illustrations began to give him a regular income. He was able to buy a harmonium to continue his musical interests and a camera, which used
glass-plate negatives. He took pictures of himself and his friends, and
also regularly used it to compose his drawings. He became friends with Paul Gauguin, and shared a studio with him for a time when Gauguin returned from Tahiti in the summer of 1893. In late autumn 1894 he also became friends with the playwright August Strindberg, with whom he had a common interest in philosophy and mysticism. Four of his illustrations, including one depicting the death of Frederic Barbarossa, were chosen for display at the 1894 Paris Salon of Artists. He received a medal of honor, his first official recognition.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifwu7SAII7pwUj_DaOx1gBcYc_7xWrK75aBmtHEMeGT0oPYkUECwqFouWjU_Fhbv4bqX4z2a10PVguz-C5IwOIBiFnqF0VDGY1p4-uodDNxvfHn663HzCo6uSWOESBwyg-3iuC/s1600/mucha+gismonda+sara+bernhardt.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="231" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifwu7SAII7pwUj_DaOx1gBcYc_7xWrK75aBmtHEMeGT0oPYkUECwqFouWjU_Fhbv4bqX4z2a10PVguz-C5IwOIBiFnqF0VDGY1p4-uodDNxvfHn663HzCo6uSWOESBwyg-3iuC/s400/mucha+gismonda+sara+bernhardt.jpg" width="153" /></a>At the end of 1894 his career took a dramatic and unexpected turn when he began to work for French stage actress Sarah Bernhardt.
As Mucha later described it, on 26 December Bernhardt made a telephone
call to Maurice de Brunhoff, the manager of the publishing firm
Lemercier which printed her theatrical posters, ordering a new poster
for the continuation of the play Gismonda. The play, by Victorien Sardou, had already opened with great success on 31 October 1894 at the Theatre de la Renaissance,
on the Boulevard Saint-Martin. Bernardt decided to have a poster made
to advertise the prolongation of the theatrical run after the Christmas
break and insisting it be ready by 1 January 1897.<br />
<br />
When Bernhardt called, Mucha happened to be at the publishing
house correcting proofs. He already had experience painting Bernhardt;
he had made a series of illustrations of her performing in <i>Cleopatra</i> for <i>Costume au Théâtre</i> in 1890. When <i>Gismonda</i> opened in October 1894, Mucha had been commissioned by the magazine <i>Le Gaulois</i>
to make a series of illustrations of Bernhardt in the role for a
special Christmas supplement, which was published at Christmas 1894, for
the high price of fifty centimes a copy.<br />
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Brunhoff asked Mucha to quickly design the new poster for
Bernhardt. The poster was more than life-size; a little more than two
meters high, with Bernhardt in the costume of a Byzantine noblewoman,
dressed in an orchid headdress and floral stole, and holding a palm
branch in the Easter procession near the end of the play. One of the
innovative features of the posters was the ornate rainbow-shaped arch
behind the head, almost like a halo, which focused attention on her
face; this feature appeared in all of his future theater posters.
Probably because of a shortage of time, some areas of the background
were left blank instead of his usual decoration. The only background
decoration were the Byzantine
mosaic tiles behind her head. The poster featured extremely fine
draftsmanship and delicate pastel colors, unlike the typical
brightly-colored posters of the time. The top of the poster, with the
title, was richly composed and ornamented, and balanced the bottom,
where the essential information was given in the shortest possible form;
just the name of the theater.<br />
<br />
The poster appeared on the streets of Paris on 1 January 1895 and
caused an immediate sensation. Bernhardt was pleased by the reaction;
she ordered four thousand copies of the poster in 1895 and 1896, and
gave Mucha a six-year contract to produce more. With his posters all
over the city, Mucha found himself famous quite suddenly.<br />
<br />
Following <i>Gismonda</i>, Bernardt switched to a different
printer, F. Champenois, who, like Mucha, was <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnhhCEu8zMQS2h3bmFOlcNYQdgHhOtJyxVuRycSjTOqt0QNbalPFWYYOLTsaxX_qKqg1jzS9AcQXcjpwDicW1ULqnjvXrWgR7jLkNJtrxukaz7s7zMF6wHpfXAXfxNg1aaqQl7/s1600/mucha+320px-Alfons_Mucha_-_1896_-_La_Dame_aux_Cam%25C3%25A9lias_-_Sarah_Bernhardt.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="853" data-original-width="320" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnhhCEu8zMQS2h3bmFOlcNYQdgHhOtJyxVuRycSjTOqt0QNbalPFWYYOLTsaxX_qKqg1jzS9AcQXcjpwDicW1ULqnjvXrWgR7jLkNJtrxukaz7s7zMF6wHpfXAXfxNg1aaqQl7/s320/mucha+320px-Alfons_Mucha_-_1896_-_La_Dame_aux_Cam%25C3%25A9lias_-_Sarah_Bernhardt.jpg" width="120" /></a>put under contract to work
for Bernhardt for six years. Champenois had a large printing house on
Boulevard Saint Michel which employed three hundred workers, with twenty
steam presses. He gave Mucha a generous monthly salary in exchange for
the rights to publish all his works. With his increased income, Mucha
was able to move to a three-bedroom apartment with a large studio inside
a large historic house at 6 rue du Val-de-Grace originally built by Francois Mansart.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyisN6XEmfZ3Yoqcwz6D7rFa4On1w1gXxLy88qOJoIRyBK0LteSvjaKToaQP8_HYFdrJ17qKPqw0xRzPHXgw00nWzgXbe-sGoKFQtgmCtpYkw8k18Og6b2A6-TfQpjgmXli9gj/s1600/muchas+320px-Alfons_Mucha_-_1896_-_Lorenzaccio.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="889" data-original-width="320" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyisN6XEmfZ3Yoqcwz6D7rFa4On1w1gXxLy88qOJoIRyBK0LteSvjaKToaQP8_HYFdrJ17qKPqw0xRzPHXgw00nWzgXbe-sGoKFQtgmCtpYkw8k18Og6b2A6-TfQpjgmXli9gj/s400/muchas+320px-Alfons_Mucha_-_1896_-_Lorenzaccio.jpg" width="143" /></a>Mucha designed posters for each successive Bernhardt play, beginning with a reprise of one of her <i>La Tosca</i>.
In addition to posters, he designed theatrical programs, sets,
costumes, and jewelry for Bernhardt. The enterprising Bernhardt set
aside a certain number of printed posters of each play to sell to
collectors.<br />
Early great successes, la Dame aux Camelias (September 1896), followed by Lorenzaccio (1896); Medea (1898);la Tosca (1898) and Hamlet (1899).<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8zeLoeb4iwk0_-s7dXLkhyphenhyphengAQ5LhUfk4r2B7_2OeUmhRmWWT8pG-Ra7PsVYJHJ2YbzszZ5AmP8a577ZBtdOZQsOvmDmKM3-9ZZtiSsjcc7_hWKfbGdgcXyFSxZPcGa5wb-6ft/s1600/mucha+20px-Mucha-Mo%25C3%25ABt_%2526_Chandon_Cr%25C3%25A9mant_Imp%25C3%25A9rial-1899.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="849" data-original-width="320" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8zeLoeb4iwk0_-s7dXLkhyphenhyphengAQ5LhUfk4r2B7_2OeUmhRmWWT8pG-Ra7PsVYJHJ2YbzszZ5AmP8a577ZBtdOZQsOvmDmKM3-9ZZtiSsjcc7_hWKfbGdgcXyFSxZPcGa5wb-6ft/s320/mucha+20px-Mucha-Mo%25C3%25ABt_%2526_Chandon_Cr%25C3%25A9mant_Imp%25C3%25A9rial-1899.jpg" width="120" /></a>The
success of the Bernhardt posters brought Mucha commissions for
advertising posters. He designed posters for JOB cigarette papers,
Ruinart Champagne, Lefèvre-Utile biscuits, Nestlé baby food, Idéal
Chocolate, the Beers of the Meuse, Moët-Chandon champagne, Trappestine
brandy, and Waverly and Perfect bicycles. With Champenois, he also created a new kind of product, a decorative
panel, a poster without text, purely for decoration. They were published
in large print runs for a modest price. The first series was <i>The Seasons</i>,
published in 1896, depicting four different women in extremely
decorative floral settings representing the seasons of the year. In 1897
he produced an individual decorative panel of a young woman in a floral
setting, called <i>Reverie</i>, for Champenois.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmAXKS03Xy3nSGZwtaDttNn9-OBgvdPdhYOt4Pe-0gnao9syg6J7vnozTxvyS-zl1Nwx1HTmo0-rwX7DJv2xGTVBXaVDeBR99cQ39GgajILlll2o_MVVzNhQaSmltWV9qAT1oG/s1600/mucha+la+plume+800px-1897._Zodiac.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1085" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmAXKS03Xy3nSGZwtaDttNn9-OBgvdPdhYOt4Pe-0gnao9syg6J7vnozTxvyS-zl1Nwx1HTmo0-rwX7DJv2xGTVBXaVDeBR99cQ39GgajILlll2o_MVVzNhQaSmltWV9qAT1oG/s400/mucha+la+plume+800px-1897._Zodiac.jpg" width="293" /></a>He also designed a
calendar with a woman's head surrounded by the signs of the zodiac. <i>The Seasons</i> series was followed by <i>The Flowers</i> <i>The Arts</i> (1898), <i>The Times of Day</i> (1899), <i>Precious Stones</i> (1900), and <i>The Moon and the Stars</i> (1902).
Between 1896 and 1904 Mucha created over one hundred poster designs
for Champenois. These were sold in various formats, ranging from
expensive versions printed on Japanese paper or vellum, to less
expensive versions which combined multiple images, to calendars and
postcards. His posters focused almost entirely on beautiful women in lavish
settings with their hair usually curling in arabesque forms and filling
the frame.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
His poster for the railway line between Paris and
Monaco-Monte-Carlo (1897) did not show a train or any identifiable scene
of Monaco or Monte-Carlo; it showed a beautiful young woman in a kind
of reverie, surrounded by swirling floral images, which suggested the
turning wheels of a train.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3-eIKv3RiHauQAAqG8QLWFxocKNRNP-BEGyNtKL6sRqvR5DN8jMVrtV6mgzHmhfCPXpadCEUILPbjhnJFEwVNfQepo4dQVADc2wGSfI0Oz0Z-o52XCnqrOQRUBnAb_JpHzxpz/s1600/mucha+railroad+800px-Alfons_Mucha_-_Monaco_Monte_Carlo.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1189" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3-eIKv3RiHauQAAqG8QLWFxocKNRNP-BEGyNtKL6sRqvR5DN8jMVrtV6mgzHmhfCPXpadCEUILPbjhnJFEwVNfQepo4dQVADc2wGSfI0Oz0Z-o52XCnqrOQRUBnAb_JpHzxpz/s400/mucha+railroad+800px-Alfons_Mucha_-_Monaco_Monte_Carlo.jpg" width="268" /></a><br />
<br />
The magazine <i>La Plume</i>
made a special edition devoted to his work, and his exhibition traveled
to Vienna, Prague, Munich, Brussels, London, and New York, giving him
an international reputation.<br />
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The Paris Universal Exposition of 1900, famous as the first grand showcase of the Art Noveau,
gave Mucha an opportunity to move in an entirely different direction,
toward the large-scale historical paintings which he had admired in
Vienna. It also allowed him to express his Czech patriotism. His
foreign name had caused much speculation in the French press, which
distressed him. Sarah Bernhardt stood up on his behalf, declaring in <i>La France</i> that Mucha was "a Czech from Moravia not only by birth and origin, but also by feeling, by conviction and by patriotism."<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiCJLwdvcyIFTdZENCaPZ3oJABlmmPdcntdI-3nTuaNy-Hqz2WGb1stHKZ-rrtOuvywWfsL65Mz1MsgE0lyXuZ4tsi8XOihdFYTRlLQHfFrok4bmDmTwEyM_pSYk9pvG7IJ97M/s1600/mucha+1900+paris+Alfons_Mucha_%2528Paris_1900%252C_mus%25C3%25A9e_du_Petit_Palais%2529_%252814338412749%2529.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="910" data-original-width="1600" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiCJLwdvcyIFTdZENCaPZ3oJABlmmPdcntdI-3nTuaNy-Hqz2WGb1stHKZ-rrtOuvywWfsL65Mz1MsgE0lyXuZ4tsi8XOihdFYTRlLQHfFrok4bmDmTwEyM_pSYk9pvG7IJ97M/s400/mucha+1900+paris+Alfons_Mucha_%2528Paris_1900%252C_mus%25C3%25A9e_du_Petit_Palais%2529_%252814338412749%2529.jpg" width="400" /></a> He applied to the Austrian government and received a commission to create murals for the Pavilion of Bosnia and Herzegovina
at the Exposition.
The temporary building built for the Exposition had three large halls
with two levels, with a ceiling more than twelve meters high, and with
natural light from skylights. His experience in theater decoration gave
him the ability to paint large-scale paintings in a short period of
time.<br />
<br />
Mucha's original concept was a group of murals depicting the
suffering of the Slavic inhabitants of the region caused by the
occupation by foreign powers. The sponsors of the exhibit, the Austrian
government, the new occupier of the region, declared that this was a
little pessimistic for a World's Fair. He changed his project to depict a
future society in the Balkans where Catholic and Orthodox Christians
and Muslims lived in harmony together; this was accepted, and he began
work. Mucha immediately departed for the Balkans to make sketches of
Balkan costumes, ceremonies and architecture which he put into his new
work. His decoration included one large allegorical painting, <i>Bosnia Offers Her Products to the Universal Exposition</i>,
plus an additional set of murals on three walls, showing the history
and cultural development of the region. He did discreetly include some
images of the sufferings of the Bosnians under foreign rule which appear
in the arched band at the top of the mural<sup>.</sup> <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_c4V5GCUMbEeZhVBwoifJMgxqIseJCG8bGMU_HqaibDC1TwPeyQ9XBOkchf0BU0Zk_M85TudKlIDCB9DdR4metshry2R3dlbKaDzGO5g33Yz2UFvsGZjqUBMe2p8Sp7aH7yg0/s1600/much+a1024px-MuchaFouquet3.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_c4V5GCUMbEeZhVBwoifJMgxqIseJCG8bGMU_HqaibDC1TwPeyQ9XBOkchf0BU0Zk_M85TudKlIDCB9DdR4metshry2R3dlbKaDzGO5g33Yz2UFvsGZjqUBMe2p8Sp7aH7yg0/s320/much+a1024px-MuchaFouquet3.jpg" width="320" /></a> As he had done with his theater work, he often took photographs of
posed models, and painted from them, simplifying the forms. While the
work depicted dramatic events, the overall impression given by the work
was one of serenity and harmony. In addition to the murals, Mucha also designed a menu for the restaurant of the Bosnia Pavilion. His work appeared in many forms at the Exposition. He designed
the posters for the official Austrian participation in the Exposition,
the menu for the restaurant at the Bosnian pavilion, and menu for the
official opening banquet. He produced displays for the jeweler Georges Fouquet and the perfume maker Houbigant,
with statuettes and panels of women depicting the scents of rose,
orange blossom, violet and buttercup. His more serious art works,
including his drawings for <i>Le Pater</i>, were shown in the Austrian Pavilion and in the Austrian section of the grand palais.<br />
<br />
His work at the Exposition earned him the title of Knight of the
Order of Franz Joseph I from the Austrian government, the Legion of
Honor from the French Government. During the course of the Exposition,
Mucha proposed another unusual project. The Government of France
planned to take down the Eiffel Tower,
built especially for the Exposition, as soon as the Exposition ended.
Mucha proposed that, after the Exposition, the top of the tower should
be replaced by a sculptural monument to humanity be constructed on the
pedestal. The tower proved to be popular with both tourists and
Parisians, and the Eiffel Tower remained after the Exhibit end.<br />
<h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinUXmIWXBgGmAx5npkOjj7hcZVafYcKLgqfsID9R8yBtO_mkmMOdhSg9ppZQbbmcL7kaY1O8CxxJb-QOawKS62ejAPvbEo4gKJCD6F4kWTQCf8ssI3feomRluThyqels72QPek/s1600/mucha+800px-Cascade_pendant_by_Alfons_Mucha_1900.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1071" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinUXmIWXBgGmAx5npkOjj7hcZVafYcKLgqfsID9R8yBtO_mkmMOdhSg9ppZQbbmcL7kaY1O8CxxJb-QOawKS62ejAPvbEo4gKJCD6F4kWTQCf8ssI3feomRluThyqels72QPek/s320/mucha+800px-Cascade_pendant_by_Alfons_Mucha_1900.jpg" width="239" /></a>Mucha's many interests included jewelry. His 1902 book, <i>Documents Decoratifs</i>,
contained plates of elaborate designs for brooches and other pieces,
with swirling arabesques and vegetal forms, with incrustations of enamel
and colored stones. In 1899 he collaborated with the jeweler Georges Fouquet
to make a bracelet for Sarah Bernhardt in the form of a serpent, made
of gold and enamel, similar to the costume jewelry Bernhardt wore in <i>Medea</i>.
The Cascade pendant designed for Fouquet by Mucha )1900) is in the
form of a waterfall, composed of gold, enamel, opals, tiny diamonds,
paillons, and a <i>barocco</i> or misshapen pearl.<br />
<br />
After the 1900
Exposition, Fouquet decided to open a new shop at 6 Rue Royale, across
the street from the restaurant Maxim's. He asked Mucha to design the
interior. The centerpieces of the design were two peacocks, the traditional
symbol of luxury, made of bronze and wood with colored glass
decoration. To the side was a shell-shaped fountain, with three
gargoyles spouting water into basins, surrounding the statue of a nude
woman. The salon was further decorated with carved moldings and stained
glass, thin columents with vegetal designs, and a ceiling with molded
floral and vegetal elements. It marked a summit of Art Nouveau
decoration. The Salon opened in 1901, just as tastes were beginning to
change, moving away from Art Nouveau to more naturalistic patterns. It
was taken apart in 1923, and replaced by a more traditional shop
design. Fortunately most of the original decoration was preserved, and
was donated in 1914 and 1949 to the carnavalet museum in Paris, where it can be seen today.<br />
<h2>
</h2>
Mucha's next project was a series of seventy-two printed plates of watercolors of designs, titled <i>Documents Decoratifs</i>,
which were published in 1902 by the Librarie central des beaux-arts.
They represented ways that floral, vegetal and natural forms could be
used in decoration and decorative objects. In about 1900 he had begun
to teach at the Academy Colarossi,
where he himself had been a student when he first arrived in Paris. <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBzqpZpUYcEB-tISHLRys9GhSmFX96SZeQH5-dbpG8n8X9EjuUnW-Wj_R533Vmiop7epRfSHtiE2JNGzzQ6T2V7OLfKqOXI6_T5_U6x-kqFQstlwAotBbHzWKJ77bjrLhbPGZN/s1600/mucha+Car_Simeon_Bulharsky_-_Alfons_Mucha.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1024" height="544" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBzqpZpUYcEB-tISHLRys9GhSmFX96SZeQH5-dbpG8n8X9EjuUnW-Wj_R533Vmiop7epRfSHtiE2JNGzzQ6T2V7OLfKqOXI6_T5_U6x-kqFQstlwAotBbHzWKJ77bjrLhbPGZN/s640/mucha+Car_Simeon_Bulharsky_-_Alfons_Mucha.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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In
March 1904 he sailed for New York and the beginning of his first visit to
the United States. His intent was to find funding for his grand project,
<i>The Slav Epic</i>, which he had conceived during the 1900 Exposition.
He had letters of introduction from Baroness Salomon de Rothschild.
When he landed in New York, he was already a celebrity in the United
States; his posters had been widely displayed during Sarah Bernhardt's
annual American tours since 1896. He rented a studio near Central Park, made portraits, and gave interviews and lectures. . At one Pan-Slavic banquet
in New York City, he met Charles Richard Crane, who commissioned Mucha to make a portrait of his daughter in a
traditional Slavic style, and he shared Mucha's enthusiasm
for a series of monumental paintings on Slavic history. He became
Mucha's most important patron. When Mucha designed the Czechoslovak bills, he used his portrait of Crane's daughter as the model for Slavia for the 100 koruna bill.<br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato20157_8-2"> </sup>
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFeOUHzFSlATvr-b-ipf4ZJk7JNaKAHYeg-jtLjAXTSCmNDEWPQDj8J2pZr5RQJf360bJpwjQPp_HjKEaxrd8AW_Zn4AUldhPtRtqzdCEuHshZybAXKQaCe4LWQmlxx94BBGVU/s1600/mucha+bill+CZE-17-Republika_Ceskoslovenska-100_Korun_%25281920%2529.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="812" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFeOUHzFSlATvr-b-ipf4ZJk7JNaKAHYeg-jtLjAXTSCmNDEWPQDj8J2pZr5RQJf360bJpwjQPp_HjKEaxrd8AW_Zn4AUldhPtRtqzdCEuHshZybAXKQaCe4LWQmlxx94BBGVU/s320/mucha+bill+CZE-17-Republika_Ceskoslovenska-100_Korun_%25281920%2529.jpg" width="315" /></a>He still had commissions to complete in France, and returned to
Paris at the end of May 1904. In 1906, he returned
to New York with his new wife, (Marie/Maria) Chytilová, whom he had
married on 10 June 1906, in Prague. He remained in the U.S. until 1909.
Their first child, Jaroslava, was born in New York in 1909. His principal income in the United States came from teaching; he
taught illustration and design at the New York School of Applied Design
for Women, at the Philadelphia School of Art for five weeks, and became a
visiting professor at the Art institute of Chicago.
In 1908 he also undertook one large decoration project, for the
interior of the German Theater of New York; he produced three large
allegorical murals, in the Art Nouveau style, representing Tragedy,
Comedy and Truth. Besides the decoration, he made graphic designs, stage
and costume designs.<br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato201568–71_47-0"> </sup>
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2UI_KX_h-Zh20kxSMGVDd7YjnY0GrPGDIcRZl8xGczfc1w0m_x1W68Pzcf7R-aRsnxZH9WigK0iQB2nVT7yXGPY23sQWRteUYywSZkEUAOdbRE3JtVl0_fhq38mQC-yHz42LM/s1600/Mucha+josephine+crane+bradley+00px-SlaviaMucha.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1279" data-original-width="800" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2UI_KX_h-Zh20kxSMGVDd7YjnY0GrPGDIcRZl8xGczfc1w0m_x1W68Pzcf7R-aRsnxZH9WigK0iQB2nVT7yXGPY23sQWRteUYywSZkEUAOdbRE3JtVl0_fhq38mQC-yHz42LM/s400/Mucha+josephine+crane+bradley+00px-SlaviaMucha.jpg" width="250" /></a>Artistically, the trip was not a success; portrait painting was
not his strong point, and the German Theater closed in 1909, one year
after it opened. He made posters for the American actress mrs Leslie Carter (known as 'The American Sarah Bernhardt') and the Broadway star Maude Adams,
but they were largely echoes of his Bernhardt posters. His finest work
in America is often considered to be his portrait of Josephine Crane
Bradley, the daughter of his patron, in the character of Slavia, in
Slavic costume and surrounded by symbols from Slavic folklore and art.
His contact with Crane made possible his most ambitious artistic
project, the Slav Epic.<br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThiébaut2018159_45-1"> </sup>
<br />
<br />
Mucha made a considerable income from his theatrical and advertising
work, but he wished even more to be recognized as a serious artist and
philosopher. He was a devoted Catholic, but also was interested in
mysticism. In January 1898 he joined the Paris masonic lodge of the <i>Grand Orient de France</i>. . The <i>Pater Noster</i> (Lord's Prayer): why not give the words a pictorial expression?". He
considered <i>Le Pater</i> to be his printed masterpiece, and referred to it in the New York Sun of 5 January 1900 as a work into which he had "put his soul".<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwSr4RLyh3Q1Jhb2Xsjak6eSOBzcoRDQwalJzEoqmTooaO5xeQA6i49apKlZOfkOE0SV_bFswClTPOj-roBn1ctjxsCZCqTmJAlp3Gz3GZGocIWelhlp16cZd897jYda5PbeI6/s1600/mucha+slav+epic+veletrzni+1280px-Overview_of_Veletr%25C5%25BEn%25C3%25AD_Pal%25C3%25A1c_with_The_Slav_Epic%252C_Prague.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="852" data-original-width="1280" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwSr4RLyh3Q1Jhb2Xsjak6eSOBzcoRDQwalJzEoqmTooaO5xeQA6i49apKlZOfkOE0SV_bFswClTPOj-roBn1ctjxsCZCqTmJAlp3Gz3GZGocIWelhlp16cZd897jYda5PbeI6/s320/mucha+slav+epic+veletrzni+1280px-Overview_of_Veletr%25C5%25BEn%25C3%25AD_Pal%25C3%25A1c_with_The_Slav_Epic%252C_Prague.JPG" width="320" /></a>In the second part of his career, at the age of 43, he returned
to his homeland of Bohemia-Moravia region in Austria and devoted himself
to painting a series of twenty monumental canvases known as The Slav Epic, depicting the history of all the slavic peoples of the world,
which he painted between 1912 and 1926. In 1928, on the 10th
anniversary of the independence of Czechoslovakia, he presented the
series to the Czech nation. He considered it his most important work.
It is now on display in Brno.
<br />
<br />
<br />
During his long stay in Paris, Mucha had never given up his dream of
being a history painter, and to illustrate accomplishments of the Slavic
peoples of Europe. He completed his plans for the Slav Epic in 1908
and 1909, and in February 1910, Charles Crane agreed to fund the
project. In 1909, he had been offered a commission to paint murals on
the interior of the new City Hall of Prague.
He made the decision to return to his old country, still then part of
the Austrian Empire.His first project in 1910 was the decoration of the reception room of the Mayor of Prague.
This quickly became controversial, because local Prague artists
resented the work being given to an artist they considered an outsider.
A compromise was reached, whereby he decorated the Lord Mayor's Hall,
while the other artists decorated the other rooms. He designed and
created a series of large-scale murals for the domed ceiling and walls
with athletic figures in heroic poses, depicting the contributions of
Slavs to European history over the centuries, and the theme of Slavic
unity. These paintings on the ceiling and walls were in sharp contrast
to his Parisian work, and were designed to send a patriotic message.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato201578_50-0"> </sup><br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato201578_50-0"> </sup>
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQ_UZL5qxgw4pLnaV7SpfZ4avna-7cbQhMiBKg7TFybBk3M6P6FCNk9VQRG4S8Y5yDIsjPoLH0MNy0x0a8xEYIcnw2XI1HGdKjQ-9eA-yn66hkSKF6LoRpnh2f7j5fg12on6Kg/s1600/mucha+in+prague+1928Photographic_selfportrait_of_Alfons_Mucha%252C_1928.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="685" data-original-width="516" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQ_UZL5qxgw4pLnaV7SpfZ4avna-7cbQhMiBKg7TFybBk3M6P6FCNk9VQRG4S8Y5yDIsjPoLH0MNy0x0a8xEYIcnw2XI1HGdKjQ-9eA-yn66hkSKF6LoRpnh2f7j5fg12on6Kg/s200/mucha+in+prague+1928Photographic_selfportrait_of_Alfons_Mucha%252C_1928.jpg" width="150" /></a>The Lord Mayor's Hall was finished in 1911, and Mucha was able to
devote his attention to what he considered his most important work;
"The Slav Epic", a series of large painting illustrating the
achievements of the Slavic peoples over history. The series had twenty
paintings, half devoted to the history of the Czechs, and ten to other
Slavic peoples. The canvases were enormous; the finished works measured
six by eight meters. To paint them he rented an apartment and a studio
in the Zbiroh Castle in western Bohemia, where he lived and worked
until 1928.<br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato201578_50-1"> </sup>
<br />
While living in Paris Mucha had imagined the series as "light
shining into the souls of all people with its clear ideals and burning
warnings." To prepare the project he traveled to all the Slavic
countries, from Russia and Poland to the Balkans, making sketches and
taking photographs. He used costumed models and still and motion picture
cameras to set the scenes, often encouraging the models to create their
own poses. He used egg tempera paint, which, according to his research,
was quicker-drying and more luminous, and would last longer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato201578_50-2"> </sup><br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESato201578_50-2"> </sup>
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGUfokJTKHXY75tq6MLewPHy2MoQaZ_I1CmOFKppoILYR6ui-z7msctBOITyoJncldtdqBVuBFsXnTjjMACLE8sNF44S2u7Q1uOeHJH9o2Wz94nl4ln6IgqbocPPmXOkrft55G/s1600/mucha+1280px-Slavnost_svatovitova_na_rujane.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="901" data-original-width="1280" height="449" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGUfokJTKHXY75tq6MLewPHy2MoQaZ_I1CmOFKppoILYR6ui-z7msctBOITyoJncldtdqBVuBFsXnTjjMACLE8sNF44S2u7Q1uOeHJH9o2Wz94nl4ln6IgqbocPPmXOkrft55G/s640/mucha+1280px-Slavnost_svatovitova_na_rujane.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
He created the twenty canvases between 1912 and 1926. He worked throughout the First World War,
when the Austrian Empire was at war with France, despite wartime
restrictions, which made canvas hard to obtain. He continued his work
after the war ended, when the new Republic of Czechoslovkia was created.
The cycle was completed in 1928 in time for the tenth anniversary of
the proclamation of the Czechoslovak Republic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;"> </sup>Under the conditions of his contract he donated his work to the
city of Prague in 1928. The Epic was shown in Prague twice in his
lifetime, in 1919 and 1928. After 1928 it was rolled up and put into
storage. From 1963 until 2012 the series was on display in the chateau in Moravsky Krumlov in the South Moravian region in the Czech Republic. Since 2012 the series has been on display at the National Gallery's Veletrzni Palace in Prague.<br />
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-51"> </sup>
<br />
While he was working on the Slavic Epic, he also did work for the Czech government. In 1918, he <i>Jeu de Paume</i> museum, with 139 works, including three canvases from the Slav Epic.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDPRthkUaoO52tcY-lWV8f-ZuA-iHvYXidWsPWZ3VxpJyrhaqi0UtovO85IpqWiYlazeHSWYJA6w55djv-C679MtncF9gLsoNyfTvMeHaUWs-hk52EZNRjvK4799ZW8qVUdRQg/s1600/mucha+Car_Simeon_Bulharsky_-_Alfons_Mucha.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1024" height="544" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDPRthkUaoO52tcY-lWV8f-ZuA-iHvYXidWsPWZ3VxpJyrhaqi0UtovO85IpqWiYlazeHSWYJA6w55djv-C679MtncF9gLsoNyfTvMeHaUWs-hk52EZNRjvK4799ZW8qVUdRQg/s640/mucha+Car_Simeon_Bulharsky_-_Alfons_Mucha.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Hitler and Nazi Germany
began to threaten Czechoslovakia in the 1930s. Mucha began work on a
new series, a triptych depicting the Age of Reason, the Age of Wisdom
and the Age of Love, which he worked on from 1936 to 1938, but never
completed. On 15 March 1939, the German army paraded through Prague, and
Hitler, at Prague castle, declared lands of the former Czechoslovakia
to be part of the Greater German Reich as the protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . Mucha's role as a Slav nationalist and freemason made him a prime target.
He was arrested, interrogated for several days, and released. By then
his health was broken. He contracted pneumonia and died on 14 July
1939, a few weeks before the outbreak of the Second World War. Though public gatherings were banned, a huge crowd attended his interment in the slavin Monument of Vysehrad cemetery, reserved for notable figures in Czech culture.
<br />
<h2>
</h2>
Mucha was and remains best known for his Art Noveau work, which frustrated him. According to his son and biographer, Jiri Mucha , he did not think much of Art Nouveau. "What is it, <i>Art Nouveau</i>?" he asked. "...Art can never be new." He took the greatest pride in his work as a history painter.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;"> </sup><sup></sup>Although it enjoys great popularity today, at the time of his death Mucha's style was considered outdated. His son, author Jiri Mucha,
devoted much of his life to writing about him and bringing attention to
his artwork. In his own country, the new authorities were not
interested in Mucha. <i>The Slav Epic</i> was rolled and stored for twenty-five years before being shown in Moravský Krumlov. The National Gallery in Prague now displays the Slav Epic, and has the major collection of his work.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;"> </sup>Mucha is also credited with restoring the movement of Czech Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
One of the largest collections of Mucha's works is in the possession of former world no.1 professional tennis player Ivan Lendl,
who started collecting his works upon meeting Jiří Mucha in 1982. His
collection was exhibited publicly for the first time in 2013 in Prague.<br />
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<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-58"> </sup>
Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-75253691131842530422019-12-08T08:50:00.002-08:002019-12-08T08:54:01.654-08:00Knud Lavard was murdered at Christmas in 1130<span style="font-size: 180%;"><b>Knud Eriksson Lavard</b></span><br />
* March 12. 1096 + January 7. 1131<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Sankt%20Bendts%20Kirke%20A.1.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Sankt%20Bendts%20Kirke%20A.jpg" /></a><br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Ringsted68-29A.1.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Ringsted68-29A.0.jpg" /></a><br />
<i>Sct.Bendts Church, Ringsted, Zealand</i><br />
<br />
Knud
was a son of Erik 1. Ejegod and Bodil Thrugotsdatter. After his
parents' death on a pilgrimage the seven year old Knud was first brought
up by the legendary Zealand chief Skjalm Hvide and later by Herzog
Lothar of Saxony, who became German king in 1125. Knud was married to
Ingeborg of Russia in 1116; she was a daughter of Grossfürst Mstislav 1.
of Kiev and Christina of Sweden, and about the same time , when he was
about 20 years old, he became Jarl of the border and Hertug of
Schleswig. His mission was to protect the merchants and the trade routes
against the Wends, which he did so successfully that the merchants
appointed him their patron protector. His byname Lavard was a name of
honour; the word originated from Old English hlaford = Lord. It meant
Lord(Herre) in Saxon and other Germanic languages - the original meaning
was bread giver.<br />
<br />
In the beginning of the 1100s Henrik
Gottskalkssøn, a son of the Abodrit knés Gottskalk, threatened the
Danish south border, since king Niels, his mother's brother, would not
pay the inheritance after his mother Sigrid, a daughter of Svend
Estridssen. Knud Lavard fought for some years several times against
Henrik, until a peace was contracted between Danes and Abodrits. After
Henrik Gottskalkssøn's death Knud became - with the assistance from king
Lothar - Henrik's successor as knés over the Abodrits under Saxon
superiority. Knud Lavard was in this way both the Danish and German
king's vassal.<br />
<br />
As a son of king Erik 1. Ejegod Knud
Lavard was an obvious candidate to the Danish throne, also because he
had important and friendly contacts to king Lothar and the Wends, but
others were more than interested in the royal power. Among those were
his cousin Magnus, a son of king Niels - and another cousin, Henrik
Skadelaar, a son of Svend, who like Niels and Erik Ejegod was a son of
Svend Estridssen. Svend had been desperate for gaining the Danish crown,
but he died on 1104 on his way to Viborg Thing. Henrik had inherited
his father's dream; he conspired with Magnus against Knud Lavard for
years.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Roskilde70-16.1.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Roskilde70-16.0.jpg" /></a><br />
<i>Roskilde Cathedral, Zealand</i>It
all started seemingly peaceful Christmas 1130 in a cosy get-together of
the royal family. King Niels, who was about 66 years old, had gathered
some of his family in Roskilde. At that point his queen, Margrethe
Fredkulla had been gone long ago, it is said she died about 1117. The
family members assembled that Christmas might have been Magnus and his
wife, Richiza of Poland and their children; Henrik Skadelaar was
probably alone, since his wife Ingerid, who was a brother's daughter of
Margrethe Fredkulla, had run away with her lover - unless he had brought
her back again. The story says he found her in Aalborg. They had three
sons.The special Christmas guests were Knud Lavard and his pregnant
wife, Ingeborg, and possibly their three daughters, Margrethe, Christina
and Cathrine, the eldest was about 13-14 years old. Ingeborg's mother,
Christina,was a sister of Margrethe Fredkulla - everyone in these
Christmas days were closely related - and yet something sinister went on
underneath the surface.<br />
<br />
Margrethe was known to be a
peacemaker. Her byname Fredkulla meant "The Peace Girl", and while she
lived, she had probably enough to do keeping peace among Svend
Estridssen's strong willed sons and grandsons. A source says that she
had made bad blood between Magnus and Knud Lavard, but it was more
plausible Henrik Skadelaar, who intrigued with Magnus against Knud.
Henrik was often mentioned as a bitter person, filled with envy and hate
against Knud Lavard.Knud was blamed for his royal behaviour and
luxurious "foreign" clothes; it was not suitable to outshine the king
himself. Maybe it was on this Christmas holiday that Henrik exclaimed
that Scarlet clothes would never secure Knud against a sword, to which
Knud replied that Henrik was not at all safer in his sheepskins.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Forest%20in%20decemberA.0.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Forest%20in%20decemberA.jpg" /></a><br />
<br />
After
the visit in Roskilde Knud Lavard and his wife and daughters went to
visit another kinsman, a daughter of Knud the Holy, Cæcilia and her
husband Erik Jarl on their manor house near Haraldsted Church north of
Ringsted. Cæcilia and Erik had strong family ties to the powerful Hvide
family, since their daughter Inge was married to Skjalm Hvide's son
Asser Rig (Ryg). Inge and Asser had two little sons, Absalon was two and
Esbern(Snare) three years old. They didn't know yet, but they would
soon become the sworn brothers of Knud and Ingeborg's son Valdemar.<br />
<br />
While
Knud Lavard and Ingeborg were guests by Cæcilia and Erik Jarl, Magnus
summoned Knud for a friendly meeting in Haraldsted Forest on January
7th. Ingeborg was suspicious and tried to persuade her husband not to
go, but Knud suspected no foul play. He went off with only a few men and
straight into an ambush, in which he was murdered by Magnus and his men
on the day after Twelfth Night.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/HaraldstedDobbeltA.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/HaraldstedDobbeltA.jpg" /></a><br />
<i>Haraldsted Church, Zealand</i><br />
<br />
It
is easy to imagine the horror and grief in Knud Lavard's family.
Cæcilia asked - probably on behalf of the shocked Ingeborg - that Knud's
body should be brought to Haraldsted Church and buried there, but some
days later his coffin was carried to Ringsted. On January 14th, seven
days after her husband's murder, Ingeborg gave birth to a son, who was
named Valdemar after her grandfather, Grand Prince Vladimir Monomachos
of Kijev.<br />
<br />
Ingeborg spent probably some time by the
family in Haraldsted, and she decided that it would be safest for her
son to be brought up in the strong and loyal Hvide family like his
father before him. Years later she made another important decision for
her son. On September 18th in 1137 king Erik 2. Emune was murdered, and
the chief Kristiern Svendsen, a cousin of Knud Lavard and one of the
mightiest men in the country, wanted the six year old Valdemar
pronounced king of Denmark, but Ingeborg opposed strongly and did not
give her consent.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/Ringsted68-26ABbright.0.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/Ringsted68-26ABbright.jpg" /></a><br />
<i>Sct. Bendts Church, Ringsted, Zealand</i><br />
<br />
After
Knud Lavard's murder the Zealand chiefs held a thing and forced king
Niels to send Magnus in exile. Knud's half brother Erik Emune acted as
Knud's avenger and was pronounced king in Skaane. Henrik Skadelaar still
worked behind scenes and persuaded king Niels to send for his son
again, and it was actually Magnus' return, which started several years
of bloody civil war between Niels and Magnus on one side and Erik Emune
on the other.<br />
<br />
Down south the situation was also tense.
The German-Roman emperor Lothar (crowned emperor 1133) wanted revenge
for the murder of his vassal. In 1134, during the civil wars, the new
pope, Innocens, abolished the independence of the Danish Church and
placed it under Hamburg-Bremen again. This caused archbishop Asser to
join Erik Emune - and so did the migthy Hvide family.<br />
<br />
After
years of violent civil wars and various victories and defeats it ended
on June 4th 1134 in a battle by Fodevig near Lund in Skaane. The battle
was a total defeat for Niels and Magnus. Magnus and Henrik Skadelaar
were killed, and Niels fled to Schleswig,where he was recognized and
killed by the citizens who wanted to revenge Knud Lavard. Erik Emune
came on the throne and started at once the efforts to strenghten his
legality by having Knud Lavard sainted.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/KnudLavard128-8.5.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/KnudLavard128-8.0.jpg" /></a><br />
<i>Knud Lavard's chapel, Haraldsted, Zealand</i><br />
<br />
According
to tradition a spring welled up where Knud Lavard was murdered - and
another spring where the bearers stopped on their way to Ringsted. Soon
miracles happened by his grave, and an abbey was founded in 1135 to take
care of the grave and help the pious pilgrims, who came to visit. Upon
the scene of the murder a chapel was built, which gave good income by
pilgrimages.<br />
<br />
Finally the Holy See had to acknowledge
Knud Lavard as a saint, and in a great ceremony his bones were moved
into a glorious shrine upon the high altar of the big - not yet finished
abbey church, which later was given the name Sct. Bendts Church. This
happened on June 25. 1170, which became Knud Lavard's official Saint's
day. At this point Knud's son had gained power long ago. He was crowned
sole king in 1157 by the name Valdemar the Great.<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: 85%;">photos: grethe bachmann</span></i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-55584783304024895982019-10-31T07:29:00.000-07:002019-10-31T07:29:57.269-07:00NOVEMBER<b><i><span style="font-size: 180%;">November </span></i></b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/DSC_4426blog.0.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/DSC_4426blog.0.jpg" style="cursor: hand;" /></a><br />
November comes<br />
And November goes,<br />
With the last red berries<br />
And the first white snows.<br />
<br />
With night coming early,<br />
And dawn coming late,<br />
And ice in the bucket<br />
And frost by the gate.<br />
<br />
The fires burn<br />
And the kettles sing,<br />
And earth sinks to rest<br />
Until next spring.<br />
<br />
<i>- Clyde Watson</i><br />
November
is the 11th month of the year, but it was the 9th month in the old
Roman calendar. It was named Novemb which means 9. In old Danish it was
called Slagtemåned (Slaughter Month), because the animals were being
slaughtered before winter.<br />
<br />
Mortensaften on the 10th of
November is connected to bishop Martin of Tours. He had to be elected
bishop in the year 371, but he didn't want to and was hiding among a
flock of geese. They revealed him by their cackling, and according to
Danish tradition we slaughter and eat the geese on Mortensaften, because
they betrayed Morten .<br />
<br />
Morten (= St. Martin) is the
protector of all domestic animals and the guardian angel of all boozers.
Mortens dag is on the 11th November, but the Danish celebration is the
evening before, on the 10th. But not only geese are popular on the
dinner table that night. Duck, turkey, venison, the tradition has
changed like so many other traditions.<br />
<br />
A weather omen says that a mild Mortensaften on the 10th of November promises a white Christmas.<br />
<br />
<i>A few things happening out in the Danish nature now</i>:<br />
There
is only one little bird singing in November , and it sings through the
whole winter; it's the wren, the smallest but one bird in Denmark.<br />
The last hedgehogs are hiding for their winter sleep.<br />
The ermine is changing its brown summer fur to winter white.<br />
Some years invasions of crossbills arrive from the north.<br />
Tufted ducks arrive to the country by the thousand.<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: 85%;">photo: gb</span></i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-78770431146905997202019-10-27T15:22:00.007-07:002020-10-31T08:43:47.321-07:00Jelling and the Jellingstone - Denmark's Birth Certificate <p><br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2qx3xcmJbyfru_qApRupnEvr6O1WRl9P1GXL3pkVy8WGn73yOKYpLY87eRHYSrk2I7p9QTv2Ad_X-J5jpho9z-NIYBeu6BvDSEtdHQY2JY-HEZNpMlk-N3eDlYShG0e6RE04J/s1600-h/Vejle+051+Jelling+kirke+store+runesten.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187316248555403666" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2qx3xcmJbyfru_qApRupnEvr6O1WRl9P1GXL3pkVy8WGn73yOKYpLY87eRHYSrk2I7p9QTv2Ad_X-J5jpho9z-NIYBeu6BvDSEtdHQY2JY-HEZNpMlk-N3eDlYShG0e6RE04J/s400/Vejle+051+Jelling+kirke+store+runesten.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Denmark's Birth Certificate</span><br />
<br />
With
the hills, the church and the rune stones Jelling was not just meant to
be a royal mausoleum but quite distinctly also meant to be a powerful
center of the Danish kingdom.<br />
<br />
Two very special rune
stones stand outside the church in Jelling church in the middle of the
two biggest grave hills in Denmark. The big stone, <span style="font-style: italic;">Jellingstenen</span> or <span style="font-style: italic;">Harald's sten</span>,
is known as Denmark's birth certificate and is the most magnificent
runic memory of Denmark. It is dated to a time between Harald's baptism
ab. 965 and his death, latest in 987. Upon the broad side of the
three-sided big Jellingstone is an inscription which takes up an
exceptional position because of the horizontal runes. The inscription is
sourrounded by winding bands. The words from Harald himself are:<br />
'<span style="font-style: italic;">Kong
Harald bød gøre disse kumler efter Gorm sin fader og efter Thyra sin
moder, den Harald, som vandt sig hele Danmark og Norge og gjorde danerne
kristne'.</span><br />
<br />
<i><br />King Haraldr ordered this
monument made in memory of Gormr, his father, and in memory of Thyrvé,
his mother; that Haraldr who won for himself all of Denmark and Norway
and made the Danes Christian."</i> (Rundata, DR 42)<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-hZeRQNd6xLfNH4uFwkwtcjstRDCtOuh-rQIbzhxQWeU4dvbXb4gmLiOEtLDbH1fQLLaTMJi_SqvRaqaS3mogqXJCPXY7mCPjyZMLRQ9kBI-B0PIOdYXk3gs-y1PSrwvS1VJf/s1600-h/Vejle+028+Jelling+den+store+runesten.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187316042396973442" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-hZeRQNd6xLfNH4uFwkwtcjstRDCtOuh-rQIbzhxQWeU4dvbXb4gmLiOEtLDbH1fQLLaTMJi_SqvRaqaS3mogqXJCPXY7mCPjyZMLRQ9kBI-B0PIOdYXk3gs-y1PSrwvS1VJf/s400/Vejle+028+Jelling+den+store+runesten.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">The lion and the snake</span><br />
<br />
The
ornamental and figurative style makes the Jellingstone unique in the
Scandinavian find from the Viking period. The winding style of <span style="font-style: italic;">the lion and the snake</span> is the same early <span style="font-style: italic;">Jelling style </span>as
upon the little silver cup from the North hill. The ornamentation
indicates that it might have been executed by a North English or Irish
visual artist.<br />
<br />
(The Silver Cup see my blog):<span style="font-style: italic;"><br />Ancient Danish Families</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">June 2006 /article Preface Gorm & Thyra).</span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyEVuEm7IqDsXhtSKJpuGFCza4Jg-MTcx6n7MOd4KKvmOWauraYVa4CM6lheKimWepbXe6kVu6yh5dHF1fCla6sE3adY_DZH6CsH5l21fMPhiCCLKRaYL2xrb7PsQYk4bOosJ-/s1600-h/Vejle+032+Jelling+de+to+runesten.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187315879188216178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyEVuEm7IqDsXhtSKJpuGFCza4Jg-MTcx6n7MOd4KKvmOWauraYVa4CM6lheKimWepbXe6kVu6yh5dHF1fCla6sE3adY_DZH6CsH5l21fMPhiCCLKRaYL2xrb7PsQYk4bOosJ-/s400/Vejle+032+Jelling+de+to+runesten.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Christ with ornaments.</span>On the third side is<span style="font-style: italic;"> Christ without a cross</span>
surrounded by the typical winding bands. The figures are on all three
sides carved in low relief and were probably painted from the beginning
of their existence. The Christ figure is the earliest known of the
North.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG61xr0RzIoJxcyBSmgPD18arI1lK0ohK9A4uNbJ424MFxvPAnO-p4s6q8Dp51J1EJOlCrS7X5Z6jk3rcR3Pz1mtN3bEeeThohK7Ri2-BL3k86Wq4KPqPJnNZ3O_TsEY9nbUTo/s1600-h/Vejle+031+den+lille+runesten.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187308985765706082" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG61xr0RzIoJxcyBSmgPD18arI1lK0ohK9A4uNbJ424MFxvPAnO-p4s6q8Dp51J1EJOlCrS7X5Z6jk3rcR3Pz1mtN3bEeeThohK7Ri2-BL3k86Wq4KPqPJnNZ3O_TsEY9nbUTo/s400/Vejle+031+den+lille+runesten.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">The earliest mention of Danmark.</span><br />
<br />
In
the Anglo-Saxon king Alfred the Great's prologue to Orosius' World's
History the name Danmark (Denemearcan) is mentioned for the first time
in the World's Literature. It started as a local name Danernes Mark
,which was used and contracted as <span style="font-style: italic;">Danmark</span>
before year 900. Considering king Alfred's paper the name Danmark must
have been in use already before 900. Gorm's stone has the earliest (in
Denmark) recorded use of the name Danmark. The stone is raised afterGorm
became king in 934 and before his death in 958. The stone is raised
after Thyra's death, and we do not know her date of death.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwh1JBjHsjLmxR7n5xVnUxyzqRqsRuFzKqSxYRrJ7U2o_UMIVdBKuQwap8fYG3-a187h-Uu9sXPWBOYtpwy724CZW4-CsCQstDDxWCvkUA1QC3vVcuUJhlwtNqdmZ6mwbaX2ak/s1600-h/Vejle+030+den+lille+runesten.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187308809672046930" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwh1JBjHsjLmxR7n5xVnUxyzqRqsRuFzKqSxYRrJ7U2o_UMIVdBKuQwap8fYG3-a187h-Uu9sXPWBOYtpwy724CZW4-CsCQstDDxWCvkUA1QC3vVcuUJhlwtNqdmZ6mwbaX2ak/s400/Vejle+030+den+lille+runesten.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Gorm's memory of Thyra</span><br />
<br />
kurmr kunukr karthi kubl thusi aft thurui kunu sina tanmakar but<br />
Gorm konge gjorde kumler disse efter Thyra kone sin danmarks bod<br />
<i><br />'King Gorm made this monument in memory of Thyra, his wife, Denmark's salvation'.</i><br />
The little stone was in year 1600 used as a bench in the porch of the church, but was in 1639 placed close to the big stone.<br />
<br />
The stones are strongly identified with the creation of Denmark as a nation state.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSHDDeS7Zb5dlZPd73ysRvPCObR2XI3gtfqX4QkTc1IlpUHfwBhB_6rVZGVwctmcLwn_jlPfnTibcj4fSCYnHNimBER1JG8fTAeN5wdLGg3dcpt7LvLYmK3H0U12X7YJQjNk6d/s1600-h/Vejle+052+Jelling+kirke+samling+af+sten.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187308036577933586" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSHDDeS7Zb5dlZPd73ysRvPCObR2XI3gtfqX4QkTc1IlpUHfwBhB_6rVZGVwctmcLwn_jlPfnTibcj4fSCYnHNimBER1JG8fTAeN5wdLGg3dcpt7LvLYmK3H0U12X7YJQjNk6d/s400/Vejle+052+Jelling+kirke+samling+af+sten.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Stones by the North hill from the Stone Ship System</span><br />
<br />
In
the heart of the North hill was a small Bronze Age hill, exactly at the
northern point of a huge stone ship system which southern point ends
under the South hill. The northern part of this stone ship system must
however have been levelled in the Viking period simultaneous with the
extension of the earlier hill, which was then covered in turf. Inside
the hill was built a burial chamber with ceiling, wall and floor of
wood. The dendrochronological test datings of the chamber have proved
that the wood was cut down in 958-959. This is supposedly the time for
both the building of the chamber and for king Gorm's year of death. The
south hill is supposedly contemporary.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-6IedPeK1KvcnjPnAW9yXete7_6gLUL9c_9ptYKZpBPtGjoQLxK4ICPJ8_G1rwl0F0tZgLjbuEIDTO7kHCVYWwiw8cccAxkkYrzxs00cgNVMM_Zf1uL_o3GHtM3jynFkJ3jz1/s1600-h/Vejle+016+Jelling+kirke.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187307860484274434" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-6IedPeK1KvcnjPnAW9yXete7_6gLUL9c_9ptYKZpBPtGjoQLxK4ICPJ8_G1rwl0F0tZgLjbuEIDTO7kHCVYWwiw8cccAxkkYrzxs00cgNVMM_Zf1uL_o3GHtM3jynFkJ3jz1/s400/Vejle+016+Jelling+kirke.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Jelling church and a small corner of the North hill</span><br />
<br />
Jelling
church was built ab. year 1100, but before this three succeeding wooden
churches were placed here according to excavations in 1976-79. The
earliest church from Harald Bluetooth's time was a rather big church,
even bigger than other early wooden churches in Scandinavia at that time
- a size fitting for a royal church building. The wooden church in
Jelling might have been larger than any earlier Danish building and with
its forest of columns more magnificent too. The groundplan was
influenced by contemporary German churches. There was probably an
influence from the palaces in Aachen and Ingelheim.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxU_YZlqZ9F6AO_ISogob-G6AWAlgKZtITrU61kQudDNtNkNDTZpcPqqH2uYpz3wF2ottvcQQvBt5op5GqrzANAU2r0Tnd67dpbbONhjV_NQ7OMQJlHKbdKJV8LArgor-iQh6S/s1600-h/Vejle+038+Jelling+kirke+Gorms+grav.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187307701570484466" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxU_YZlqZ9F6AO_ISogob-G6AWAlgKZtITrU61kQudDNtNkNDTZpcPqqH2uYpz3wF2ottvcQQvBt5op5GqrzANAU2r0Tnd67dpbbONhjV_NQ7OMQJlHKbdKJV8LArgor-iQh6S/s400/Vejle+038+Jelling+kirke+Gorms+grav.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Gorms burial place is under the short silver bands</span><br />
<br />
It
is rather remarkable that under the traces of the wooden churches in
the east was a burial chamber like the one in the North hill, and in the
room were bones from a man , about 40-50 years of age and about 1.72 m
tall. After the examination it was declared that he 'like most
middle-aged Danes suffered from osteoarthritis in the bottom part of the
spinal column'.<br />
Unfortunately the chamber was broken up and
emptied in ancient time. Only little was left, biut it shows after all
that the grave furniture must have been very rich. Traces of gold
thread which came from fabrics of the highest quality were found
together with two silver strap plates (remendebeslag = riding
equipment) In the <span style="font-style: italic;">Jelling style</span>
like the silver cup from the North hill. When the chamber was cleared
they overlooked the little silver cup, which is now at Jelling Museum
opposite the church. Unfortunately the Bronze Age hill was disturbed and
robbed in the early Middle Ages.<br />
<br />
Harald had probably
after his christening decided that his father necessarily had to be
moved from his heathen grave to a grave in a Christian church. Thyra's
burial place is still a big mystery.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNTLP5KVCrYyOcDisDOGJzDlgnbcKiVE0kwYBixvEzNxuNpw4Z3A8PocGzIMwy481hj7feA6cgwa4YCgmdUT6YHkCpAW9X2aHau0YRIZs3nJHchhO2EOzOfFjBjQDtoJ0k7V5Z/s1600-h/Vejle+035+Jelling+kirke+interior.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187307546951661794" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNTLP5KVCrYyOcDisDOGJzDlgnbcKiVE0kwYBixvEzNxuNpw4Z3A8PocGzIMwy481hj7feA6cgwa4YCgmdUT6YHkCpAW9X2aHau0YRIZs3nJHchhO2EOzOfFjBjQDtoJ0k7V5Z/s400/Vejle+035+Jelling+kirke+interior.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Jelling church interior, the frescoes were damaged and have been copied by a modern painter.</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">On December 3rd in 2000 the Millenium was celebrated in Jelling church after a new and comprehensive decoration. </span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgS_FIF6FCtpAMZ_PNnfTZpwe0DCHyKMAmeN4bRtXB6zNGIzY3ZbCbieLBx9XhySW7L1pW909LLyc2iwEG5LQqy8BzWpuWNk9oQdBfxTtDzyfgg7hmD4hGzUIGB3zjC9AB_g5S/s1600-h/Vejle+024+Jelling+Museum.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187307250598918354" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgS_FIF6FCtpAMZ_PNnfTZpwe0DCHyKMAmeN4bRtXB6zNGIzY3ZbCbieLBx9XhySW7L1pW909LLyc2iwEG5LQqy8BzWpuWNk9oQdBfxTtDzyfgg7hmD4hGzUIGB3zjC9AB_g5S/s400/Vejle+024+Jelling+Museum.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Jelling Museum opposite the church.</span><br />
<br />
The
stone mason and rune carver Erik the Red (Erik Sandquist) has carved a
new rune stone and a landmark for Kongernes Jelling, the museum and
communication center in Jelling. He says that he felt it a great honour
to be allowed to make this stone. It took him 350 hours to carve the
3000 kilo granite block and he made it in the Mammen style with winding
dragons and ornamentation. There are six succeeding styles: 1) Oseberg,
2) Borre, 3) Mammen, 4) Jelling, 5) Ringerike, 6) Urness. The styles
begin about year 800 and succeed one another for the next 400 years.
They are named after the geographical places where the biggest and most
important finds have been made.<br />
<br />
A big granite stone is
now changed into a runestone of the Present. It has four sides, one with
the Tree of Life, one with a mask, one with birds and one with a runic
text. It is one of Erik's biggests works - and it is a masterpiece. The
ornaments are painted in strong old viking colours . The background of
the granite stone is not painted, since it was important to see that
this was a real granite stone and not a plastic one.<br />
<br />
Erik the Red's runic text:<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Tyd du tidernes runer</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">I Kongernes Jelling</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Erik huggede dette kuml.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Interpret the runes of times</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">in Jelling of the Kings</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Erik carved this stone.</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;"> </span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2mXFhzwoB-DlKV4tbV97JwNI9sW6vTxijf-uI-zIiIuHRLI0Nw0Mkx_IpNHK4e4zzPBAcC_e8Z_Y0Jm9Ykzn63jOyeZyJvqpQ58zN410G1azH8PFBVnavCH3oCPoEWaK9zcNn/s1600-h/Vejle+061+oldtid+og+nutid.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5187307031555586242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2mXFhzwoB-DlKV4tbV97JwNI9sW6vTxijf-uI-zIiIuHRLI0Nw0Mkx_IpNHK4e4zzPBAcC_e8Z_Y0Jm9Ykzn63jOyeZyJvqpQ58zN410G1azH8PFBVnavCH3oCPoEWaK9zcNn/s400/Vejle+061+oldtid+og+nutid.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Past and Present in Jelling, the North Hill and a Jet. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br />Source:<br />Politikens Danmarkshistorie, bd. 3, Da Danmark blev Danmark, Peter Sawyer<br />Exploring the World of the Vikings , Richard Hall<br />Fortidsminder i Danmark, Henning Dehn-Nielsen<br />Fortidens Jelling, Runemesteren Erik den Røde</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 100%;"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><a href="http://www.kongernesjelling.dk/">Jelling Museum</a></span></span><br />photo 060408: grethe bachmann, Jelling, Southeast Jutland</span></span></p><span style="font-size: 85%;"><br /></span><p></p>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-91998808489148301382019-10-21T05:00:00.002-07:002019-10-21T05:01:05.744-07:00The Danish Crown Jewels at Rosenborg Castle <b><i>Christian 5.s Crown of the Absolute Monarch</i></b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo0hWW3kDmB24qsZsxtspKlgwmVfI2MfkHt1R4GunAnt6fSdSj1VZPOWy21_0QnbZVhqu7pFLVm_BH4t7rd6_KYQhRXTy6kDdSHx7g-7ugWXCm7ot8LSOMPDx1mZJfu3v_1tco/s1600/DSC_8136+krone.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo0hWW3kDmB24qsZsxtspKlgwmVfI2MfkHt1R4GunAnt6fSdSj1VZPOWy21_0QnbZVhqu7pFLVm_BH4t7rd6_KYQhRXTy6kDdSHx7g-7ugWXCm7ot8LSOMPDx1mZJfu3v_1tco/s200/DSC_8136+krone.jpg" width="200" /></a>The
best known of the Danish crowns is
Christian 5.s crown, which was made for Denmark's second absolute
monarch Christian 5. in 1671. It was used by all absolute monarchs of
Denmark from Christan 5. till Christian 8. The crown is also depicted
in the top of the Danish royal coat of arms and the Danish national
emblem of arms.<br />
<br />
The goldsmith behind the more than two kilo heavy crown
(total weight 2080gr.) was the German goldsmith Paul Kurtz, who worked
in Copenhagen. The crown is made in gold, decorated with flat square <i>taffelsten </i>(table-cut stones) and enamel decorations. The round bow of
the crown forms a closure, which was inspired by the crown of the
absolute monarch of France, Louis 14., and it symbolizes the monarch's
absolute power. The bows of the crown meet at the top in a globe or<i> rigsæble </i>(orb),
which is a sign of power and dignity of the monarch.(insignia). Above
the globe is a little cross, it shows in the symbolic language of that
period that the church is the only power above the royal power. </div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx0wXq7EnFdyTvczxrI9PisRXKAtI_MQlaCwOZM0jjTARyVUSyuATQjUk5HxPGwKcyiqaHkftPbC7Wt_61v3LAJoypZk8V-tAl3eI22aDelt3pfqsq-Nyy0gOTppLCa2KpLlAw/s1600-h/DSC_8116+to+kroner.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5251160488776759890" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx0wXq7EnFdyTvczxrI9PisRXKAtI_MQlaCwOZM0jjTARyVUSyuATQjUk5HxPGwKcyiqaHkftPbC7Wt_61v3LAJoypZk8V-tAl3eI22aDelt3pfqsq-Nyy0gOTppLCa2KpLlAw/s320/DSC_8116+to+kroner.jpg" /></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo0hWW3kDmB24qsZsxtspKlgwmVfI2MfkHt1R4GunAnt6fSdSj1VZPOWy21_0QnbZVhqu7pFLVm_BH4t7rd6_KYQhRXTy6kDdSHx7g-7ugWXCm7ot8LSOMPDx1mZJfu3v_1tco/s1600/DSC_8136+krone.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSGd1reL-6gKMhneBtl1VBYbgz_xGy8jJemztH00N2UOo4TGpuRGoP-8J01bap4jJlyH17mdXL7_S9BhLAQ8u4J4HF8SSxDyNI8_85Uu5JHPdagmIJAfDJRZtBDIIe0rAf8khl/s1600/DSC_8135+krone.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
The
crown is decorated with several precious stones, like winding rows of
diamonds, saphires and garnets. At the top of the cross is a socalled
korund: a saphire with a stripe of ruby, and upon the front part of the
crown is a square block-stone with Christian 5.s monogram in gold
thread. The precious stones in the crown are supposedly re-used from
earlier jewelry, like the saphire on the front of the crown, which is
traced back to Frederik 1. It was probably a gift to his father
Christian 1. from the Duke of Milan in 1474. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Christian
5.'s crown was latest used at Christian 8.'s anointment in 1840. The
crown became redundant for ceremonial use, since the constitutional
monarchy was introduced in Denmark in 1849, the absolute monarchy was
abolished and the regent was no longer crowned or anointed. Christian
5.'s
crown is still used at the monarch's death, where it is placed upon the
coffin in the socalled castrum doloris. Last time the crown was used was
at Frederik 9.'s death in 1972. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSGd1reL-6gKMhneBtl1VBYbgz_xGy8jJemztH00N2UOo4TGpuRGoP-8J01bap4jJlyH17mdXL7_S9BhLAQ8u4J4HF8SSxDyNI8_85Uu5JHPdagmIJAfDJRZtBDIIe0rAf8khl/s1600/DSC_8135+krone.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSGd1reL-6gKMhneBtl1VBYbgz_xGy8jJemztH00N2UOo4TGpuRGoP-8J01bap4jJlyH17mdXL7_S9BhLAQ8u4J4HF8SSxDyNI8_85Uu5JHPdagmIJAfDJRZtBDIIe0rAf8khl/s200/DSC_8135+krone.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><i>The Queen's Crown.</i> </b><br />
The
queens crown was made for Christian 6.'s queen, Sophie Magdalene, by
court jeweller Frederik Fabritius in 1731. It was used until 1840. The <i>taffelsten</i>
(table-cut stones) origin supposedly from Sophie Amalie's crown from
1648. The new crown was made for Sophie Magdalene, because she denied to
wear a crown, which had been worn by the hated Anna Sophie Reventlow,
the second wife of Frederik 4.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><i>Christian 4.s Crown</i></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> </i></b></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Christian 4.'s crown was made by goldsmith Dirich Dyring in Odense 1595-96. It is gold with enamel, <i>taffelsten</i>
(table-cut stones) and pearls, total weight 2895 gr. The figures in the
big points of the crown show the virtues of the good regent. In front,
above the king's forehead and repeated above the king's ear, is a
pelican which pecks its own chest to feed its chicks, originally a
symbol of the death of Christ, but here it is the symbol of the king's
obligation to protect his people with his own blood. Above the king's
right hand is Fortitudo, the horsewoman upon a lion, a symbol of the
king as a warlord, and above the left hand Justitia, the woman with
sword and scale, a symbol of the king as the supreme judge; above the
king's neck Caritas, the mother with a suckling child, a symbol of the
king as the head of the church, his love for God and for his subjects. <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7VtpCIzz3FSG1xDVgPOwcu-ylkXZ3ELVa3nh79OaijgaDpd2voGJqV3es0mut9yn8tdWLEF30L97oJgzKtpj6Eyszpa3C_Ly36TEud6f-7Md7N8dmyPnZgvfJsvzd0leMwzec/s1600/DSC_8138+krone.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7VtpCIzz3FSG1xDVgPOwcu-ylkXZ3ELVa3nh79OaijgaDpd2voGJqV3es0mut9yn8tdWLEF30L97oJgzKtpj6Eyszpa3C_Ly36TEud6f-7Md7N8dmyPnZgvfJsvzd0leMwzec/s320/DSC_8138+krone.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
Inside
the points of the crown are the coat of arms of the king's kingdoms and
countries; the crown is open, although the fashion prescribed a closed
crown at that time. The Nordic Union-kings had used open crowns, and by
following his forefathers example Christian 4. marked that he was the
heir of a united North. The crown was used for the last time by Frederik
3. in 1648. The coat of arms were re-newed, and a bow was put on, which
closed the crown. Frederik 3. even had to redeem the crown from a
banker in Hamburg, where Christian 4. had pawned it in his late years.
Christian 5. let the bow and closure remove and melt and re-used the
gold and diamonds for the closed crown of the absolute monarch<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><i>The Crown Jewels. </i></b></span><br />
The
crown jewels history goes back to Christian 6.'s queen Sophie
Magdalene. She decided in her will from 1746 that her jewels should not
be inherited by one person, but always be available to the queen of the
country. Her reasoning was that "there were so few jewels and no crown
jewels at all in this royal house". Sophie Magdalene's crown jewels were
among others dimond studded hairpins, earrings and pearl necklaces, but
most of her original jewelry was remade by the following queens
according to changing fashion. Today the crown jewels are primarily four
big jewelry sets or garnitures : a brilliant garniture, an emerald
garniture, a pearl-ruby garniture and a rose stone garniture. All four
garnitures consists of necklaces, earrings and broches, and one has a
tiara. (the emerald). The jewelry can be disassembled and be combined in
various ways.<br />
<br />
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
The four Garnitures.</h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
</h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"> </span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifNcA0VZZ_kU2m2vxQZsiECydQNGKmsVW6pvc5p-xYHsYqmSI14YUMaXkpccJ3r8jzCjS9BEhY9QdVv2oBme20j4Dwwo7q8rLivJxyU3Un9GBAQS072M6Cyf4qZpS0FurdSDQx/s1600/DSC_8131+tiara+lille+foto.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifNcA0VZZ_kU2m2vxQZsiECydQNGKmsVW6pvc5p-xYHsYqmSI14YUMaXkpccJ3r8jzCjS9BEhY9QdVv2oBme20j4Dwwo7q8rLivJxyU3Un9GBAQS072M6Cyf4qZpS0FurdSDQx/s1600/DSC_8131+tiara+lille+foto.jpg" /></a></h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSg_s3XHyh_YSOjsZwhFFG18hTQsX5wxne9-cbeSdWC8oEEO48_sNLvyk_wVk_7HXgQC68kHEAExB7x-TB_cHO_W33yINMTNe0gr3lLOdRzZIa4EIMB6ZAXkDzP-OrXjlboN7u/s1600-h/DSC_8130+smaragd.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5251160198587055490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSg_s3XHyh_YSOjsZwhFFG18hTQsX5wxne9-cbeSdWC8oEEO48_sNLvyk_wVk_7HXgQC68kHEAExB7x-TB_cHO_W33yINMTNe0gr3lLOdRzZIa4EIMB6ZAXkDzP-OrXjlboN7u/s320/DSC_8130+smaragd.jpg" /></a></h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
</h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"> <i>The Emerald garniture</i> <i>(with tiara)</i></span></h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Set of emeralds and brilliants with diadem, necklace, brooch and
earrings. Made in 1840 by C.M. Weisshaupt. The emeralds were originally a
gift from Chr. VI to Sophie Magdalene in 1723.</span></h3>
<h3 style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;">
</h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<br />
The four
garnitures have the form which Christian 8.'s queen Caroline Amalie gave
them in 1840. With a re-use of Sophie Magdalene's original jewels,
supplemented with extra precious stones, she had made four garnitures
according to the fashion. Besides the four big garnitures the crown
jewels consist of additions to the collection by later queens, fx
Frederik 8.'s queen Lovisa's pearl "Bayadere", a very long pearl
necklace with pearl tassels, and her three pearl bracelets with
brilliant- and emerald-locks.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE-3HooLfEis_sZ1cbxCk1cJK_Eo5aNKk6xXVQ5jIpDnTRMFGy0alp0QR1u1hykpIZ6HN9EW-AMw6A9sJoEESJgqLslJ1F2wrPJwY4FKI7pbR0FuqTY8e33SBpAmBHrhvGo_VH/s1600-h/DSC_8132+diamant.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5251160401014327010" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE-3HooLfEis_sZ1cbxCk1cJK_Eo5aNKk6xXVQ5jIpDnTRMFGy0alp0QR1u1hykpIZ6HN9EW-AMw6A9sJoEESJgqLslJ1F2wrPJwY4FKI7pbR0FuqTY8e33SBpAmBHrhvGo_VH/s320/DSC_8132+diamant.jpg" /></a><br />
<i>The Brilliant garniture </i><br />
<br />
Set of brilliants consisting of necklace with seven pendants, brooch
in form of a floral bouquet, and earrings. Made in 1840 by C.M.
Weisshaupt. The jewelry dates back to Queens Sophie Magdalene, Caroline
Mathilde and Juliane Marie.<br />
<br />
The crown jewels belong to
the Danish State, but are available to the Danish queen, who usually
wear them when it's galla time at the New-Year's Banquet or in
connection to State Visits or other big events in the royal house. It is
customary that the crown jewels stay in Denmark, which means that the
queen cannot wear them on visits abroad. When the crown jewels are not
in use, they are kept in the <i>Skatkammeret</i> (Treasury) in the cellar at Rosenborg slot and in <i>"Guldburet" </i>(the
Golden Cage ) at the Amalienborg Museum. The Danish crown jewels are
the only in the world, which are both on exhibition as museum pieces and
used by the queen of the country.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
The
queen and the other women in the royal family have also a collection of
private jewels for their own disposal, among these a ruby garniture
from the Napoleonic period, which the crownprincess has used several
times. The private jewels are not exhibited, but can be seen when they
are used at big galla-events in Denmark and visits abroad. </div>
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaSqGUwuK5Mio0G1ovOEtrTQMomXVg5-BIF0MaDflnL8SWQQXOX2r5JcjjfZenPMyYoS35gwUpqe3gLYZpfIfv-_q1Jbfh0x8xhtQ5FMr6Dtt94TISU3MJ-hTwS7Xahz1WBHr4/s1600-h/DSC_8129+rubin.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5251160279251140898" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaSqGUwuK5Mio0G1ovOEtrTQMomXVg5-BIF0MaDflnL8SWQQXOX2r5JcjjfZenPMyYoS35gwUpqe3gLYZpfIfv-_q1Jbfh0x8xhtQ5FMr6Dtt94TISU3MJ-hTwS7Xahz1WBHr4/s320/DSC_8129+rubin.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<i>The Pearl-Ruby garniture</i><br />
<br />
Set
of pearls, rubies and diamonds with necklace, brooch and earrings. Made
in 1840 by C.M. Weisshaupt. The pearl necklace belonged to Chr. V's
consort Charlotte Amalie.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">photo september 2008: grethe bachmann</span></span>, <span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Rosenborg slot, København. </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><br /></span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-87493552170953392812019-09-19T05:34:00.002-07:002019-09-19T05:34:51.985-07:00Boletus edulis/ Karl Johan rørhat.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaNTvpeOmGDY5r6GWHi9FYfBaicUWw7vpPiz41izodoA3o2sGVCEl2pH1qLPjqxNGBElNrX2IqM5VCBxS6_bg5BkJtTzDt_Stp7iJaaDsG2ELy679ynO3lsL4JAyJLkgJgrY6EyA/s1600/Midtjylland+121+ved+hampen+lake.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaNTvpeOmGDY5r6GWHi9FYfBaicUWw7vpPiz41izodoA3o2sGVCEl2pH1qLPjqxNGBElNrX2IqM5VCBxS6_bg5BkJtTzDt_Stp7iJaaDsG2ELy679ynO3lsL4JAyJLkgJgrY6EyA/s400/Midtjylland+121+ved+hampen+lake.jpg" width="400" /> </a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Boletus edulis</i></span>, English names: penny bun, porcino or
cep, is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere across Europe,
Asia and North America; it does not occur naturally in the Southern
Hemisphere although it has been introduced to various countries there.
It is a very popular mushroom in Scandinavia, where it grows in big
numbers. It is known as the Karl Johan mushroom all over Scandinavia,
named after the Swedish king Karl XIV Johan, who liked this mushroom
very much.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioe7EY9CcOMhbTU5rd9YziccBoeN8VoNpeVCPfUX4d4zm68-emXaHzQGG9wn-KstWZZg9HzzM35MCHfl5MZiyAm6Jz8ZcNqJDZpc60wguE_2IrAa2TYLMf8rOTwbpJAHpncRVMcA/s1600/s-DSC_3038-roerhat+nr+to.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioe7EY9CcOMhbTU5rd9YziccBoeN8VoNpeVCPfUX4d4zm68-emXaHzQGG9wn-KstWZZg9HzzM35MCHfl5MZiyAm6Jz8ZcNqJDZpc60wguE_2IrAa2TYLMf8rOTwbpJAHpncRVMcA/s320/s-DSC_3038-roerhat+nr+to.jpg" width="212" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Karl Johan, stig bachmann nielsen,<a href="http://www.naturplan.dk/foto/default.php"> Naturplan Foto</a>. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
In Italy it is described as the wild mushroom par
excellence. The Italian name is porcini, meaning "little pigs", but it
is often called<i> the king </i>which underlines its status as the most
outstanding of all mushrooms. In Toscana it is often cooked with
thyme. In a simple dish like an omelet, this well-tasting mushroom
shows to its best advantage. In Russia it is known as White Mushroom,
meaning noble. In North America are found a number of species closely
related to Boletus edulis. (see link below)<br />
<br />
The English name porcino seems to derive from the Roman time in Britain, since the Italian name is porcini. I'll call it <i>porcino </i>in
this small article. It is one of the most sought after mushrooms of
Europe. Many boletus are edible, some with a good taste, others
tasteless and others unpleasantly bitter. Boletus edulis is the best -
edulis means eatable or edible. Porcino is considered one of the safest
wild mushrooms to pick for the table as there are no poisonous
species that closely resemble it. The mushroom has to be plucked
while young, old porcinos get soft and swampy. Specimens should not be
collected from potentially polluted or contaminated sites. Boletus
edulis is known to be able to tolerate and even thrive on soil that is
contaminated with toxic heavy metals.<br />
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The
cap is greasy (especially after rain), brown to greybrown, it is often
a little nubbly, it is about 10-15 cm diameter, but some porcinos
might be 25 cm in diameter. On occassions it can reach 35 cm in
diameter and 3 kilo in weight. Like other boletes it has tubes
extending downward from the underside of the cap, rather than gills.
The pore surface of the porcino's fruit body is whitish when young,
but ages to greenish yellow. The stout stem is white or yellowish in
colour, about 5-10 cm tall and 2-4 cm thick, equipped with a fine
white network, the brownish stem species have often only a clear white
net at the top near the cap - the stem has usually a big bump lowest,
which can reach high up on the stem, and this is a good indicator that
it is a porcino, but other informations should be used for safety's
sake. <br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSW8aqjLBIGwxIDaM1GcykaUEu-r0tJfMsSv0Q-yeOVKCDR3toy9JK2VNo7XdtdwUATTtwV-8brEzVCguHg3KcP12RdHcAp55FtbHQVCCwH5krKhl1JvrsPOpUGLgF6MFZm4oGRg/s1600/Midtjylland+034+karl+johan.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSW8aqjLBIGwxIDaM1GcykaUEu-r0tJfMsSv0Q-yeOVKCDR3toy9JK2VNo7XdtdwUATTtwV-8brEzVCguHg3KcP12RdHcAp55FtbHQVCCwH5krKhl1JvrsPOpUGLgF6MFZm4oGRg/s320/Midtjylland+034+karl+johan.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">photo:GB</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Boletus
edulis lives in forest, but it is not choosy, it is found in both
softwood and hardwood forests, often in boundaries between those two
forest types. It is a common fungi in the Danish forests and can be
harvested in large numbers. It is a rather big mushroom, only a few
specimens are necessary for a meal. This mushroom is held in high regard
in many cuisines. The flavour has been described as nutty and slightly
meaty with a smooth creamy texture and a distinctive aroma, which
reminds about the leaves in the forest, where it grows.The stem is good
as raw snacks, and the cap can be cooked in many ways - sautéed with
butter, ground into pasta, in soups and in many other dishes. The
delicate nut-taste and the creamy meat its good for risotto and
pasta-dishes and sauces and as a accompaniment to venison or a big
steak. Porcini risotto is a traditional Italian autumn dish. All boletus
give off much liquid during making, which has to be removed or used
for a fond or soup.<br />
<br />
Boletus edulis has not been
successfully grown in cultivation, but is available fresh in autumn.
It is sold fresh in markets in summer and autumn and dried or canned
at other times of the year. It keeps its flavour after drying.
Distributed worldwide to countries where they are not otherwise
found. It is low in fat and high in protein, vitamins, minerals and
dietary fibre.<br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3xKACbrkhLsEwuFcOpPUMzoRqSQK6bQ5fL8KunJKQqI2xt4zHm49RBuR-3JL9-PQUm98_N3Sc_PM_PGCRBjk-Xsw-MUafml2W8PDtmcaOamwoaA6TXTaosa2EmWTGFxZ0RVb3Qg/s1600/s-DSC_3128-loevenholm+granskov.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3xKACbrkhLsEwuFcOpPUMzoRqSQK6bQ5fL8KunJKQqI2xt4zHm49RBuR-3JL9-PQUm98_N3Sc_PM_PGCRBjk-Xsw-MUafml2W8PDtmcaOamwoaA6TXTaosa2EmWTGFxZ0RVb3Qg/s320/s-DSC_3128-loevenholm+granskov.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Løvenholm forest, stig bachmann nielsen<a href="http://www.naturplan.dk/foto/default.php"> Naturplan Foto</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Confusion:</b></span> Tylopilus félleus,<i> fel </i>meaning
bile because of its bitterness, (DK: Galde Rørhat) and Bolétus
réticulatus, called Summer cep, (DK: Sommer Rørhat). Boletus edulis is
often confused with this very bitter Tylopilus felleus, but can be
distinguished by the reticulation on the stalk; in porcino it is a
whitish net-like pattern on a brownish stalk, whereas it is a dark
pattern on white in Tylopilus. The porcino has white pores, while the
other has pink. If in doubt, tasting a tiny bit of flesh will yield a
bitter taste.The Summer cep's flesh is less firm than other boletes. The
most similar mushroom may be the Devil's bolete (Boletus santana),
which has a similar shape, but has a red stem and stains blue on
bruising. <br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>"I
confess, that nothing frightens me more than the appearance of
mushrooms on the table, especially in a small provincial town."</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Alexandre Dumas, early 19th century.</i><span style="color: maroon;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<i>5 good edible mushrooms:</i><br />
<i>Boletus edulis</i>: Porcino, Cep, Penny Bun<i> </i>; (DK: Karl Johan)<i> </i> <br />
<i>Agarius campestri: </i>Field champignon, in North America Meadow champignon, (DK: Mark champignon);<br />
<i>Cantharellus cibarius: </i>Chanterelle,<i> (</i>DK: Almindelig kantarel);<br />
<i> Craterellus tubaeformis: </i>Yellowfoot, Winter mushroom, Funnel chanterelle,<i> (</i> DK: Tragtkantarel);<br />
<i>Craterellus cornucopioides: </i>Trumpet of death, Black chanterel, Black trumpet, Horn of plenty, <i> (</i>DK: Stor Trompetsvamp).<br />
<br />
<i><br />
</i><br />
<i> </i><br />
<i>Source: Politikens Svampebog, Svampe i Skandinavien, Danmarks Fugle og Natur, Felthåndbogen,Wikipedia. </i><br />
<br />
<i>I'll have to add this: </i><br />
<i>Whether or not Boletus edulis occurs in North America is up for debate, says this website from: <a href="http://www.mushroomexpert.com/boletus_edulis.html">Mushroom Experts Com.</a></i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-39424287690095668972019-09-19T05:28:00.003-07:002019-09-19T05:28:46.773-07:00Wild Apples/ Vilde æbler<i><span style="font-size: 130%;"><b>Malus species.</b></span></i><br />
<br />
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/1600/DSC_2690blog.1.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1569/1834/400/DSC_2690blog.2.jpg" /></a> ¨<br />
<br />
The
ancient Egyptians planted apple trees by the Nile, the ancient Greeks
cultivated apples - and the Etruscians and Romans cultivated apples.
Wild apples have grown in Denmark since the beginning of time, but the
cultivating of apples started not until the Middle Ages. The
monasteries were significant for the spreading of apples in Europe. The
earliest identification origins from a monastery in England in the
year 1204.<br />
<br />
The autumn is a treasure chest of wild raw
materials . There are lots to be found- mushrooms, hazelnuts or wild
apples, sloe, rowanberry, juniper berry, blackberry, cowberry,
elderberry - probably a rich season this year.<br />
<br />
The wild apples are sour and best mixed with cultivated apples in jelly, marmelade, stewed fruit apple wine and so on.<br />
<br />
But if you have gathered some wild apples, then they are also fine in a Russian Apple Pie. <span style="font-style: italic;">(Sharlotka)</span>
First use dark, dry bread crums, and fry them in butter . Remove from
heat and add red wine , lemon juice, sugar (a little more than usual)
and orange peel. Mix well. Add vanilla sugar. Butter a tin well and
sprinkle it lightly with dark bread crumbs . Put a layer of the bread
crumb mix at the bottom of the tin, then a layer of thin apple slices
and cinnamon. Eventually more layers. Finish with the bread crumb mix.
Put the tin in the oven for moderate or low heat = 150 degrees and let
it bake for a little hour. Serve it hot - eventually with whipped
cream.<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: 85%;">photo Hærvejen Mid Jutland: grethe bachmann</span></i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-48753845378975886822019-09-19T05:19:00.003-07:002019-09-19T05:19:38.019-07:00Cowberry/ Tyttebær <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8p4G1BMa5XVlyCwSarR8GkJME2cibIocdtRbVwFhjJoR9M5h9QySZsYaxZ3CAjtILRVDAnhidFNIANsdXf-cC_X2A2izzMhJ7UNYTgmgwyR6NKk5oodKZ6FWqajD9firOFxSGkw/s1600/Dollerup+064+crowberry.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5407776853849197266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8p4G1BMa5XVlyCwSarR8GkJME2cibIocdtRbVwFhjJoR9M5h9QySZsYaxZ3CAjtILRVDAnhidFNIANsdXf-cC_X2A2izzMhJ7UNYTgmgwyR6NKk5oodKZ6FWqajD9firOFxSGkw/s320/Dollerup+064+crowberry.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 320px; width: 301px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Cowberry/Tyttebær</span><span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="font-style: italic;"><br />Vaccinium vitis-idaea</span></span><br />
<br />
An
evergreen 5-20 cm high shrub with shining darkgreen leaves and pink or
white flowers in clusters . The scarlet berries ripen in September. It
is common in the heather-moors and woods of Jutland and East Zealand,
but else rare in Denmark.<br />
<br />
The berries were ab. 1800 a
large commodity in Jutland, women and children from humble homes made a
good profit. People gathered the berries in baskets, in linen-bags and
boxes. The the beginners did not pluck clean; they run all over and were
disliked by the skilled pluckers. The best berry-places were kept a
secret. Cowberries were considered healthy, they were sold to the
merchants of the district and sent in large portions to Copenhagen and
other large cities, it was a welcome extra earning for the smallholder
families. The owner of the heath got a certain quantity of berries or
the family worked for him harvesting or lifting potatoes.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbMrG5ZC-3ckzVVcW4pu_33PfaK2wIltS8nqFhcmgRb2AJ0IQ3nUtLe2Fb7ijhORJg60Gr5EiR_9WfmIN_tAl4ulQGq64Lt2MChQAcEBlwXIThjVVslSiTt08aFkMt5JQr0v_BIw/s1600/Dollerup+055+plukkere.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5407821166246053250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbMrG5ZC-3ckzVVcW4pu_33PfaK2wIltS8nqFhcmgRb2AJ0IQ3nUtLe2Fb7ijhORJg60Gr5EiR_9WfmIN_tAl4ulQGq64Lt2MChQAcEBlwXIThjVVslSiTt08aFkMt5JQr0v_BIw/s400/Dollerup+055+plukkere.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 198px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Plucking cowberries in Dollerup Bakker</span><br />
<br />
The
women usually respected each other's domains, but if unfamiliar women
suddenly emerged, tempered discussions happened about ownership and
sometimes rough and tumble, while the chilren laughed and yelled. Every
Friday the berries were sent to the market, the smallholder's wives sent
their own load, it was sometimes so high that they had to go beside the
wagon.<br />
Upon a 2200 hectare large heath in Kongenhus mindepark was
the plucking organized since 1942, and the income was for the
maintenance of the park. The best cowberry-year in 1947 gave ab. 30.000
kilo. In the old days a wife could gather 25 kilo daily, in 1947 a woman
at Sønder Omme plucked a record of 49 kilo. The harvest was sold to
private, hospitals, hotels and to the gardener-auction in Copenhagen.
In Ulfborg Skovdistrikt in West Jutland between Ringkøbing and Holstebro
people might pluck as many cowberries they wanted, but only for their
own use, not for sale, and the Mid Jutland State-Forests and private
forest owners announced that people might pluck cowberry for 2-3 days,
but they had to fetch an allowance card.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Food and Tea</span><br />
The
juice of riped berries were cooked and kept in glass- or stone-jars,
eaten for steak etc. The boiled juice was used like lemon juice for a
punch, and giving taste on wine soups and alikes. The juice could
preserve raw meat like vinegar. Boiled down juice gives a very fine
jelly. Cowberry jam is popular for panncakes and apple cakes, it is a
traditional accompaniment for a roast beef ( and venison). The berries
need only half the sugar than what is neccessary for other berries when
making jam. In some districts in Jutland, i.e. in Vendsyssel the
cowberries were preserved togther with pears and apples. Poor people
used fresh or dried cowberry in sweet soup, buttermilk-gruel or as
raisins in cakes. From very riped berries were made wine and snaps. In
the Egtvedgirl's coffin from Bronze Age were found rests of
cowberry-wine. The leaves can give a good tea, and the spring leaves
gives a tasty daily drink.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQgXvKgfWkDBIGPloTpGRBLSkFy2J4DwjBeuOVSbGtU67t0Pdcd4b20lc_EJKGl3_CqV1lomEP2C56UowCXA1N-pqTNFY9yZ3hQpHqIfP6FSxACQXj656CDr5-BhlGu6TxdXcKMw/s1600/Dollerup+063+cowberry.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5407821076522149842" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQgXvKgfWkDBIGPloTpGRBLSkFy2J4DwjBeuOVSbGtU67t0Pdcd4b20lc_EJKGl3_CqV1lomEP2C56UowCXA1N-pqTNFY9yZ3hQpHqIfP6FSxACQXj656CDr5-BhlGu6TxdXcKMw/s400/Dollerup+063+cowberry.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 266px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Folk-Medicine</span><br />
Cowberry
was stated in the pharmacopoiea in 1772. The juice mixed with water and
sugar gave a cooling and stimulating drink for fever-patients. A tea of
fresh cowberry was used against soar throat, crushed berries were
placed upon skin diseases, i.e. when children had German measles. The
Jutland heath-farmers eat dried cowberries for stomach ulcer. In
Greenland the berries were eaten against scurvy.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Dyeing</span><br />
The leaves dye black , the berries give a red but not fast colour; silver cooked in cowberry-juice turns white.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Proverb. </span><br />
When the rye is ripe the cowberry is ripe.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Source: Folk og Flora, Dansk Etnobotanik 3, V.J. Brøndegaard, 1979.</span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHrDAMDd7m5H-KTbKB3I7FkfiH-dqsZPVx0YirhHZZ1kkbO2YYKAVT3EAX0LRRbY76_43pevKtl2Tsd24bjZXtG9G41dJo3DMswwP3hfA6hVzrTka3LqMLg5nVA8MPugHcqNw3Rg/s1600/Dollerup+066+cowberry.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5407819469281566050" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHrDAMDd7m5H-KTbKB3I7FkfiH-dqsZPVx0YirhHZZ1kkbO2YYKAVT3EAX0LRRbY76_43pevKtl2Tsd24bjZXtG9G41dJo3DMswwP3hfA6hVzrTka3LqMLg5nVA8MPugHcqNw3Rg/s200/Dollerup+066+cowberry.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 157px; width: 200px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">photo </span></span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%93%92" title="ⓒ">ⓒ</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;"> Dollerup Bakker, grethe bachmann</span></span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-25794859096976515542019-09-19T05:17:00.000-07:002019-09-19T05:25:23.045-07:00Bilberry/ Blueberry/ Blaabær<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBTMcMf697M9zki7VXUs9LMdBiGqSpuPr_rTEtlMw7A0_jb_38b5g6K7OXC12nviVgLM1T2ry9ayqiCO1bjczP_-yPmAzUz4Th8qo6SfRcRrwpsrJN5RZ4eOywiw89LRFMOCvN1g/s1600/s-DSC_3076-blaabaer.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5408096226965375250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBTMcMf697M9zki7VXUs9LMdBiGqSpuPr_rTEtlMw7A0_jb_38b5g6K7OXC12nviVgLM1T2ry9ayqiCO1bjczP_-yPmAzUz4Th8qo6SfRcRrwpsrJN5RZ4eOywiw89LRFMOCvN1g/s320/s-DSC_3076-blaabaer.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 212px; width: 320px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Bilberry/Blåbær</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Vaccinium myrtillus</span><br />
<br />
A
very branched 15-40 cm high dwarf-shrub with green, edgy branches,
egg-shaped and serrated leaves, round red-green flowers and black
blue-dewy berries. Common in thicket, high forests and on heather hills
in Jutland, North Zealand and Bornholm.<br />
<br />
The berries
were from old times plucked in large numbers and eaten on the finding
spot or brought home to the household or for sale. At Horsens market
places were in ab. 1800 sold several hundred pots of dried bilberries
each year. In the dune north of Agger (Northwest Jutland) a planter
estimated in 1860 that about 50 barrels bilberry were gathered each
year. Poor people from the dune districts plucked barrels full of
bilberry and cranberry, old poor women got themselves a little extra
earning, and the owners of the area turned usually a blind eye to the
plucking. Or else it was mostly the children who were sent out to pluck,
sometimes followed by the farm wife or the servant girls; they seldom
asked for permission and gave no money to the owner, but it might happen
that he or his foreman came up, told them off and took the berries from
them. No one could get out of it by telling a lie, their coloured
fingers, mouth and lips were betraying them - and when the children
came home they were blue-black in the face.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOnv9UP-V9SlhckAnDi3CM18lPdkp_jqIAvhdRkV-sz5bM8-1hRrn7rr2hAwqLOD5fBRbrVQCVybiJSa5lf07vIUWJ9a1ZNEV5etrtNms5ytGRAsMSk-g5jLNisVX94EsxqivkmA/s1600/Mols+054+plukke+blaabaer.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5408132049456577906" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOnv9UP-V9SlhckAnDi3CM18lPdkp_jqIAvhdRkV-sz5bM8-1hRrn7rr2hAwqLOD5fBRbrVQCVybiJSa5lf07vIUWJ9a1ZNEV5etrtNms5ytGRAsMSk-g5jLNisVX94EsxqivkmA/s400/Mols+054+plukke+blaabaer.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 266px; width: 400px;" /></a><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span>A
household with very diligent pluckers could earn 50 kroner daily, that
was much at that time; a family in a parish in West Jutland sold in ab.
1900 in one summer bilberries for 1000 kroner, and that was a fortune. A
young girl gathered bilberry from first August till late October 1929
and earned money for her bridalwear. In the year 1967 was in a
Copenhagen market place sold 5.600 kilo bilberry.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Food</span><span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="font-style: italic;">and Wine</span></span><br />
Berries
were eaten fresh with milk and sugar like strawberries, berries were
dried in the oven and kept in bags on the loft planks. They were used
for a soup eaten with rusks or as currants in cakes. Bilberry jam for
panncakes or steak. Bilberry/Blueberry-pie and -cake. Wine can be made
of the berries and crushed berries on snaps give a good and healthy
liqueur. The dried leaves give a fine tea.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZVqHW4riK0BphbI3mqv_sP-Zkp-Md_4S1YsYv28uhVA_T59uOlZV90UmlyOFVP6ClI4cHKAibI4_pm0SSBeVDVq1fdSVbKLHxUGzjdwe_cbz3GS84ItTWmxNUydqkRLSf1LApeA/s1600/Torup+075+blaabaerkrat.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5408133940976808562" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZVqHW4riK0BphbI3mqv_sP-Zkp-Md_4S1YsYv28uhVA_T59uOlZV90UmlyOFVP6ClI4cHKAibI4_pm0SSBeVDVq1fdSVbKLHxUGzjdwe_cbz3GS84ItTWmxNUydqkRLSf1LApeA/s320/Torup+075+blaabaerkrat.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 213px; width: 320px;" /></a><span style="font-style: italic;"><br />Bilberry thicket in May<br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;">Folk medicine.</span></span><br />
The
medieval physician Henrik Smid (1546) said that wine-decoct from the
branches or flowers could be used against diarrhoea. The berry-juice
held in the mouth, or chewing ripe berries or leaves healed mouth sores;
the crushed leaves could be used as a compress on a swollen head and
as a pain-relieving compress on the stomach. Another physician (from the
1600s) Simon Paulli did not quite agree, he said that bilberries could
give diarrhoea. But the juice or soup from the oven-dried berries "cool
the hot temper of the stomac and the liver".<br />
<br />
People who could not
endure feather duvets, could instead use matresses and pillows filled
with bilberry leaves, this was also recommended for rheumatic pain. The
unsweetened juice or tea from the leaves were drunk against scurvy and
diabetes. The juice was also drunk against cold and bronchitis, and the
berries cooked into a thick puree put on facial eczema.<br />
<br />
On
the Faroe Islands the leaves were used as a blood-purifying tea. In
Greenland the fresh cut leaves were mixed with food against
constipation.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Others.</span><br />
The
berries cooked with alum mordant wool dye purple, with iron vitriol
olive; painters mix the juice with copper chalk and ammonium chloride
and gets a red colour, the branches dye brown. Easter Eggs were dyed
with the bilberry juice. (ab. 1800). It was once a common thing to
colour white wines red with the bilberry juice, it was also used for
colouring ( and forgering) red wine. From the berries were made
bilberry-snaps and wine. The shrub except the root can be used for
tanning.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;">Proverb.</span><br />
Many bilberries are a sign of a good barley harvest.<br />
<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">Blueberry is one of the most healthy things you can eat. </span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">Please read on the net for much more new information. </span></i><br />
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<span style="font-style: italic;">Source: Folk og Flora, Dansk Etnobotanik, V.J.Brøndegaard, 1979</span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxkeKg6Q3ROad4IR3dF_6F5D6h7MnmNaokmt_tIooOEfVAnx4MqGVvuVcEW2F8QQWotBrSymsjUSh4L51szPApXEqsVay_VWjOIQfYVeOeBkX9vvn9X4rz860z09uhLfDBswghXA/s1600/s-DSC_3076-blaabaer.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5408096141312417122" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxkeKg6Q3ROad4IR3dF_6F5D6h7MnmNaokmt_tIooOEfVAnx4MqGVvuVcEW2F8QQWotBrSymsjUSh4L51szPApXEqsVay_VWjOIQfYVeOeBkX9vvn9X4rz860z09uhLfDBswghXA/s200/s-DSC_3076-blaabaer.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 132px; width: 200px;" /></a>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-15295929124987490222019-08-13T06:51:00.001-07:002019-08-13T06:51:12.507-07:00Painted Lady / Tidselsommerfugl <span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Cynthia cardui<br /></span></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgelFZEcZ44_f7oSbd0v7cqPC3RGcNuusoi6vuZqzw75oYqAeuErRcdfkndELmx3Abmz9_8cqYlR7SZmp4G9Hc-Krbs4bq0beryqoPLixmj51VlpouFbKLLOeYwLbEPpEXmw3sT_g/s1600/Mindeparken+025+tidsel.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5512055112800483426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgelFZEcZ44_f7oSbd0v7cqPC3RGcNuusoi6vuZqzw75oYqAeuErRcdfkndELmx3Abmz9_8cqYlR7SZmp4G9Hc-Krbs4bq0beryqoPLixmj51VlpouFbKLLOeYwLbEPpEXmw3sT_g/s320/Mindeparken+025+tidsel.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 230px; width: 320px;" /></a><br />
<br />
The
Painted Lady has a wing span of 50-60 mm. It is easy to recognize, and
there are almost no variations. The orange colour might be blurred by
dark "scales". In rare cases are the circular spots in the seams of the
back wings larger and blue in the middle.<br />
<br />
The Painted
Lady arrives (to Denmark) from North Africa in May-June or
(infrequently) in April. Danish descendants fly from late July until
beginning of October. As a migrating butterfly it is seen everywhere
and breeds in all sorts of open areas. In the migration periods it is
often seen in large numbers in flower-rich spots along the coast.<br />
<br />
It
cannot overwinter in Denmark, neither as a grown-up butterfly nor as
egg, caterpillar and chrysalis. In North Africa, from where the Danish
migrators origin, flies the Painted Lady all year and propagates
especially in the winter period.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtmsfI_npRiC_UHTG0Z53nssche2M3gH-KRKJwXGdeUhe6uub10lfsk1lfIfTX7YAfSfcA8kx5dHgecitXLxQgiCxfGasQaApMetjAXwO3pad6DxTFABL8ctTHNEmYXDHq5FwAsg/s1600/Mindeparken+024+tidsel.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5512054975015558658" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtmsfI_npRiC_UHTG0Z53nssche2M3gH-KRKJwXGdeUhe6uub10lfsk1lfIfTX7YAfSfcA8kx5dHgecitXLxQgiCxfGasQaApMetjAXwO3pad6DxTFABL8ctTHNEmYXDHq5FwAsg/s320/Mindeparken+024+tidsel.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 320px; width: 318px;" /></a><br />
The
caterpillar's fodderplants are thistles (Carduus and Cirsium) and many
other composites and nettle (Urtica) and several other low plants.<br />
<br />
The
flight is quick and whirring, and in the migrations the Painted Lady
might appear in hundred- thousands or in millions. It is attraced to
many various flowers, especially<b> </b>Eupatorium (named bonesets, thoroughworts or snakeroots), thistles and buddleias in gardens.<br />
<br />
The
frequency is variable, depending on the arrival from the south. The
Painted Lady might completely fail to come in some years - and most
years it is only seen in few numbers. In Denmark it arrives in large
numbers in average every 10th year. It was extremely numerous in 1988
and 1996. Seen and found all over the country.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Source: Michael Stoltze: Dagsommerfugle i Danmark, 1997.</span><br />
<br />
The Painted Lady in other countries: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painted_Lady">Wikipedia</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwrEyEIgeSdg_nIAOBO_5rUEzGxrfS0ak_YLKJqaPHMIsECSX8cX2ReY-1dxR9MrInuRdK7Dsvb517XVlLsGKs3yAxZ_Y6Wglyyxo_fMzR3_VclLCu1wcxZG37LfJTN4t0rl31gA/s1600/Mindeparken+022+tidsel.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5512054835687871618" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwrEyEIgeSdg_nIAOBO_5rUEzGxrfS0ak_YLKJqaPHMIsECSX8cX2ReY-1dxR9MrInuRdK7Dsvb517XVlLsGKs3yAxZ_Y6Wglyyxo_fMzR3_VclLCu1wcxZG37LfJTN4t0rl31gA/s320/Mindeparken+022+tidsel.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 301px; width: 320px;" /></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilwfNDnhKLVe5CpJknSdT9kr3AFRkqM1ktzwxmCcl9g9DB0IhRU7G1LdmMzVcXgBUNhXr-DwAczV4yZWeaoIihN5xdVR-DvZcB5Sx65VycbCm-41wM6cqczry-KboAZwq0C1RFsA/s1600/Mindeparken+018+tidsel+underside.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5512054508530454466" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilwfNDnhKLVe5CpJknSdT9kr3AFRkqM1ktzwxmCcl9g9DB0IhRU7G1LdmMzVcXgBUNhXr-DwAczV4yZWeaoIihN5xdVR-DvZcB5Sx65VycbCm-41wM6cqczry-KboAZwq0C1RFsA/s320/Mindeparken+018+tidsel+underside.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 283px; width: 320px;" /></a><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br />
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<span style="text-decoration: underline;">photo:grethe bachmann </span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-75019344819227195582019-08-13T06:47:00.000-07:002019-08-13T06:47:37.470-07:00Cranberry Fritillary / Moseperlemorssommerfugl <span style="font-size: large;"><i>Boloria aquilonaris</i></span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYGPkncWu-a-ijprBM0JauL-3AGbGHyHnUi5k-fhrMkfs4n_zwN6y81a43bCcl6yb6-56vaECZ14rKOzJbvkQ3z3n9YlcWC81RRraoEkVG_LX-ZyhlvkKGSELuA13Cs7IkfHSQYw/s1600/s-DSC_5619-moseperlemor+stigs+foto.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYGPkncWu-a-ijprBM0JauL-3AGbGHyHnUi5k-fhrMkfs4n_zwN6y81a43bCcl6yb6-56vaECZ14rKOzJbvkQ3z3n9YlcWC81RRraoEkVG_LX-ZyhlvkKGSELuA13Cs7IkfHSQYw/s320/s-DSC_5619-moseperlemor+stigs+foto.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.naturplan.dk/foto/default.php">Naturplan foto</a>: stig bachmann nielsen</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Cranberry
Fritillary has a wing span of 32-42 mm. It is recognized by the
multicoloured underside of the back wing and on the tip of the back
wing, which creates a sharp angle. The upperside reminds of the
upperside of other fritillaries, but the front wings are pointed and
narrow, and the black spots in the middle field make usually a
distinct coherent curved line.<br />
<br />
The size varies much,
and some populations mostly have small individuals. The spread of the
dark marking of the upperside vary and the details of the underside
vary considerable as to markings and colours.<br />
<br />
It flies
middle June till late July. Its habitat is bogs with cranberry. It
overwinters as a tiny caterpillar in low bog-vegetation, mostly upon
the underside of a cranberry leaf. The fodderplanmt of the caterpillar
is cranberry.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmMRkJsUwn9OZfkMOaAyuP4s8ykfUsLTe8umdUq8p59PtcFtUcU5ITzs1L-GueA74gyXdjuZVEWccA5FB75871gpIxzYzQf95vlKPRwtfYN_sAVPYYjc4GKPqvqarZnSHOtJyJdg/s1600/Himmerland+137+moseperlemor.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmMRkJsUwn9OZfkMOaAyuP4s8ykfUsLTe8umdUq8p59PtcFtUcU5ITzs1L-GueA74gyXdjuZVEWccA5FB75871gpIxzYzQf95vlKPRwtfYN_sAVPYYjc4GKPqvqarZnSHOtJyJdg/s1600/Himmerland+137+moseperlemor.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmMRkJsUwn9OZfkMOaAyuP4s8ykfUsLTe8umdUq8p59PtcFtUcU5ITzs1L-GueA74gyXdjuZVEWccA5FB75871gpIxzYzQf95vlKPRwtfYN_sAVPYYjc4GKPqvqarZnSHOtJyJdg/s320/Himmerland+137+moseperlemor.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">photo:grethe bachmann</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Cranberry Fritillary lives in Sc<span style="font-family: "verdana" , "arial" , "helvetica";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">andinavia, Poland, Czeck Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Germany, Switzerland and in a few localitites in France.</span></span><br />
In
Denmark has the Cranberry Fritillary has disappeared in many places
because raised bogs have been destroyed. At Fyn (Funen) and Sjælland
(Zealand) are only left 3 or 4 localitites. The species have disappeared
in many places in the eastern part of Jutland, but lives well in other
places.<br />
<br />
<i>Protection: </i><br />
A natural high water
level has to be maintained in the rest of the raised bogs, so they do
not overgrow - and the bogs must not be exposed to grazing or manuring.
Many localities are marked by drainage trenches, which should be filled
up - or else grow the bogs into forest, because the peat is exposed to
air.<br />
<br />
<i>Source: Michael Stoltze, Dagsommerfugle i Danmark, 1998 </i><br />
<br />
<i>photo: </i><br />
<i>Cranberry Fritillary, bog north of Madum sø, Himmerland, July 2011: </i><br />
<i>stig bachmann nielsen</i><a href="http://www.naturplan.dk/foto/default.php"> Naturplan foto</a>:<i> & grethe bachmann </i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-51450126705051927152019-08-13T06:44:00.000-07:002019-08-13T06:44:19.384-07:00Small Tortoiseshell/ Nældens Takvinge <span style="font-size: large;"><i>Aglais urticae</i></span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5241850745440409218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRPJqT9wO-1soLY1RmFAVTOKKGIGKo2VMqx-J7p8aZeEYJbgUoEERCsR01zO4v0wRdyJ_hKBqcDrWOtfrHHYu_bRyChZ8gITUyNa3GMMngN2BKjiuuNFACGI1NNVIsivhSmiSw6A/s400/DSC_3824+takvinge.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Small Tortoiseshell, here from a church yard in Himmerland<br />
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</tbody></table>
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Small
tortoise shell is one of the first butterflies we see each spring . It
is Denmark's National butterfly, and it is wellknown and common all
over the country. The frequency changes from year to year dependent
on migrations.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9taE7clWTqsBbHzMhM5_1zTPyW6n34upl3Rr_y551f_qyNlG2cZ3x1ww5ug_7-fpL8WQRjh0uPZD6bH99S6T_lvXnMsvfdYOzf-DdQSyAgzK1PgPOYfyEjgfoJkQcaW6fXw7arg/s1600/Midtjylland+158+takvinge.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9taE7clWTqsBbHzMhM5_1zTPyW6n34upl3Rr_y551f_qyNlG2cZ3x1ww5ug_7-fpL8WQRjh0uPZD6bH99S6T_lvXnMsvfdYOzf-DdQSyAgzK1PgPOYfyEjgfoJkQcaW6fXw7arg/s320/Midtjylland+158+takvinge.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Small tortoiseshell, Underside</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwfmturuMg3rXzwgcNvCY-bJwhmYr_VhaDhj_Ii3kITjq0DHVnM4d7HznrI4hW2G8uoTiPRtEYuBYIAqn8CAC8CU8Yxx4A_jp9gRzE11xmqVsEU0X-3nz9Ij9Rge_2tCtR_8Zdcw/s1600/Midtjylland+157+takvinge.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwfmturuMg3rXzwgcNvCY-bJwhmYr_VhaDhj_Ii3kITjq0DHVnM4d7HznrI4hW2G8uoTiPRtEYuBYIAqn8CAC8CU8Yxx4A_jp9gRzE11xmqVsEU0X-3nz9Ij9Rge_2tCtR_8Zdcw/s200/Midtjylland+157+takvinge.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
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Small
tortoiseshell (wing span 46-53 mm) is easy to recognize with its
clear colours and the white spot on the front wing. The variation is
modest, but the three black spots on the front wing might be small or
miss completely in very rare cases. Some rare specimen have
white-yellowish colours instead of the usual clear brick red. The flying
period is from last June until October in one or two generations and
again in March-June after overwintering.Its habitat is everywhere, where
nettle grows, especially at buildings - and the larvae's fodder-plant
is nettle. (Urtica). <br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhttgUjNP8fxXgOBuHnyEgseWDQ689OKXnbpTKXhbDc8ZW9hU-UFB8HYZgHDfWxUDxG0jlI914yQnwaXiOavz5c44mq4gA0i4WfruFQNw3awI3-N3OMi8_bjI4io26dpLsFXqz9Jw/s1600/Midtjylland+155+takvinge+flyvende+humlebi.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhttgUjNP8fxXgOBuHnyEgseWDQ689OKXnbpTKXhbDc8ZW9hU-UFB8HYZgHDfWxUDxG0jlI914yQnwaXiOavz5c44mq4gA0i4WfruFQNw3awI3-N3OMi8_bjI4io26dpLsFXqz9Jw/s320/Midtjylland+155+takvinge+flyvende+humlebi.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Small tortoiseshell and a bumble bee</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The
butterfly roams about and is seen everywhere. It overwinters as a
grown-up butterfly in hollow trees, caves, cellars and not at least in
un-heated rooms in houses. The flight is quick and whirring, and the
mating couple are often seen flying close together high up in a spirale
flight. The males are territorial, since thy from their resting places
fly up against all disturbing insects or other passing animals. Both
sexes seek to various flowers, not at least to Hemp agrimony, Thistle
and Field scabious or to Asters, Buddleias and flowering herbs in
gardens. The tortoiseshell is also attracted to fermenting windfalls.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPY_TYN4bHfbu3capxKdpfTtM4ZvX54SfnIQquVzQcrcBPci2HHHebx35sKeAmnBFgBk42jm2KZBIRjQDVN18KcFi1QsE8_BHotYvqzN43_lSKXH_B049LfdHYHULZOHIxhRDCzA/s1600-h/DSC_1628+flyvende+takvinge+og+humlebi.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5241771698870336002" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPY_TYN4bHfbu3capxKdpfTtM4ZvX54SfnIQquVzQcrcBPci2HHHebx35sKeAmnBFgBk42jm2KZBIRjQDVN18KcFi1QsE8_BHotYvqzN43_lSKXH_B049LfdHYHULZOHIxhRDCzA/s400/DSC_1628+flyvende+takvinge+og+humlebi.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Flying tortoiseshell and Buddleia</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i>photo: grethe bachmann </i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9taE7clWTqsBbHzMhM5_1zTPyW6n34upl3Rr_y551f_qyNlG2cZ3x1ww5ug_7-fpL8WQRjh0uPZD6bH99S6T_lvXnMsvfdYOzf-DdQSyAgzK1PgPOYfyEjgfoJkQcaW6fXw7arg/s1600/Midtjylland+158+takvinge.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"> </a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwfmturuMg3rXzwgcNvCY-bJwhmYr_VhaDhj_Ii3kITjq0DHVnM4d7HznrI4hW2G8uoTiPRtEYuBYIAqn8CAC8CU8Yxx4A_jp9gRzE11xmqVsEU0X-3nz9Ij9Rge_2tCtR_8Zdcw/s1600/Midtjylland+157+takvinge.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhttgUjNP8fxXgOBuHnyEgseWDQ689OKXnbpTKXhbDc8ZW9hU-UFB8HYZgHDfWxUDxG0jlI914yQnwaXiOavz5c44mq4gA0i4WfruFQNw3awI3-N3OMi8_bjI4io26dpLsFXqz9Jw/s1600/Midtjylland+155+takvinge+flyvende+humlebi.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-45658641936994067472019-08-13T06:37:00.001-07:002019-08-13T06:39:47.605-07:00Silver-washed Fritillary/ Kejserkaabe<span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Argynnis paphia</span></span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheayV8oerMtoOQLtUa-VD-upkahT8raQWC1HYOdJit7uArYT2suK3fq1SjE2IAdyDs-rkm3SavVfDxAbtyOdt5a0KfmS1FxFl4HAyu0jMBIne6tOHzfV-7Ne8N70wa0hK1xknlEg/s1600/Vejle-egnen+013+Kejserkaabe.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5495204770475450738" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheayV8oerMtoOQLtUa-VD-upkahT8raQWC1HYOdJit7uArYT2suK3fq1SjE2IAdyDs-rkm3SavVfDxAbtyOdt5a0KfmS1FxFl4HAyu0jMBIne6tOHzfV-7Ne8N70wa0hK1xknlEg/s400/Vejle-egnen+013+Kejserkaabe.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 349px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Silver-washed Fritillary</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Bjerre Skov, Horsens, Jutland</span><br />
<br />
The
Silver-washed Fritillary is active right now in July until late August,
and each year I go to Bjerre forest by Vejle fjord to look for it. It
flies in glades and sunny spots of the wood and loves the blackberry
flowers. The Danish name <i>Kejserkåbe</i> means Emperor's Cape and this fine
coloured pattern would certainly be a beautiful cape for an emperor. The
Silver-washed fritillary lives in Europe except southern Spain,
Scotland and the northern part of Scandinavia.<br />
<br />
The
Silver-washed fritillary butterfly is deep orange with black spots on
the upper side of its wings and has a wingspan of 54–70 mm, with the
male being smaller and paler than the female. The underside is green and
unlike other fritillaries has silver streaks instead of silver spots,
hence the name silver-washed. A rare variation in some years is a
special female, which is green-black with a straw coloured base.<br />
<br />
Unusually
for a butterfly, the female does not lay her eggs on the leaves or
stem of the caterpillar's food source (in this case violets) but instead
one or two meters above the woodland floor in the crevices of tree
bark close to clumps of violets. The larvae's fodder plants are various
Violas.<br />
<br />
The Silver-washed Fritillary is a strong flier
and more mobile than other fritillaries and as such can be seen gliding
above the tree canopy at high speed. Its flight is safe, fast and
sailing and it seeks especially to flowers of blackberry and thistles.
The mating dance, which can be watched on good localities in the
morning, is very characteristic and beautiful. The male flies down under
and then steep up in front of the female, who continues to fly straight
on, while the male lose speed and once again dives down under and steep
up in front of the female.<br />
<br />
In Denmark Argynnis pahia
is still common at Lolland-Falster, Møns Klint, Sydsjælland and
Bornholm, but has during the 1970s and 1980s declined much in Jutland,
at Funen, West- and North Sjælland.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Protection of the species:</span><br />
This species needs many small and unfertilized glades. It thrives well in forests with extensive utilization, like in <span style="font-style: italic;">stævningsskove,</span>
(coppicing) which hold many glades in various growth. The Silver-washed
Fritillary (Argynnis paphia) is on the Danish Red List as moderately
endangered.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJjpfqVUB-rpAfzt28h6Nz40SQyxVbpwoV1IQU4Y6bDqpyyOnG48UeKQFn0WKrCVxPnLSHJCX4zDw1FyhMej0nOyhPxeq2QUzcrxqSmvQ5pw5YYz2LHGzj3OIrkWZ8pW74SdRdQA/s1600/Vejle-egnen+020+to+kejserkaaber.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5495204659364932642" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJjpfqVUB-rpAfzt28h6Nz40SQyxVbpwoV1IQU4Y6bDqpyyOnG48UeKQFn0WKrCVxPnLSHJCX4zDw1FyhMej0nOyhPxeq2QUzcrxqSmvQ5pw5YYz2LHGzj3OIrkWZ8pW74SdRdQA/s400/Vejle-egnen+020+to+kejserkaaber.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 210px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<br />
In the old days the Silver-washed Fritillary was especially connected to the <span style="font-style: italic;">stævningsskove</span>
(Coppicing woods). It is in a serious decline in Denmark, possibly
caused by the lack of light-open varied forests. Until ab. 1990 it was
numerous in North Jutland in Rold Skov and in Lille Vildmose, but after
1990 it is only known in a few examples, i.e. Rebild, and outside North
Jutland in the forests by Vejle fjord, in Gudbjerg skov at Funen and
Gribskov in North Sjælland. Still numerous populations in the rest of
Sjælland, on the southern islands and Bornholm.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">photo Bjerre Skov grethe bachmann</span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-20810139544363573232019-08-13T06:32:00.003-07:002019-08-13T06:41:40.463-07:00Dragonfly/Guldsmed <br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFZomcBA46NXG7ykR0DYSKGnIGsyF4_awzlFgSERowjocvZetIuhb1sZvs4akL62YC1bytiJgl76iq-Qd3fZ2LMtYu9KpblN5MYoiNfdafqd4cvfOwSu_a19n_J0wBAK_M6aqkhQ/s1600-h/DSC_1924+guldsmed.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5372065331149746882" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFZomcBA46NXG7ykR0DYSKGnIGsyF4_awzlFgSERowjocvZetIuhb1sZvs4akL62YC1bytiJgl76iq-Qd3fZ2LMtYu9KpblN5MYoiNfdafqd4cvfOwSu_a19n_J0wBAK_M6aqkhQ/s400/DSC_1924+guldsmed.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 395px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5mm1dm8nO3UWhYw9BYx9RNLXRtCzsBsVDEcWclJKwS4MCjXP40oyFb31F8RWl_oT-LAaV0o70O3NfFHvMHkwQnBOrgRcp2orVjEEx5GhFW3pKVhpIVKAeBvlgaiN6bO-TmqBfOg/s1600-h/DSC_1916+guldsmed.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5372067970591090370" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5mm1dm8nO3UWhYw9BYx9RNLXRtCzsBsVDEcWclJKwS4MCjXP40oyFb31F8RWl_oT-LAaV0o70O3NfFHvMHkwQnBOrgRcp2orVjEEx5GhFW3pKVhpIVKAeBvlgaiN6bO-TmqBfOg/s200/DSC_1916+guldsmed.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 200px; width: 195px;" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKbo8j574MbyCHiPVXveSgdG1Rjmo6qR3pwdzclr0Czz7pKJNk8ycfOlpMyXsuFT96yIyqSZwGtK7Es7VGFC3iM_AwS2hyphenhyphenc56qmDgLSggnpJ4PKzidkBy4brBpG43vFkiQ6ScoFQ/s1600-h/DSC_1921+guldsmed.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5372067509823585602" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKbo8j574MbyCHiPVXveSgdG1Rjmo6qR3pwdzclr0Czz7pKJNk8ycfOlpMyXsuFT96yIyqSZwGtK7Es7VGFC3iM_AwS2hyphenhyphenc56qmDgLSggnpJ4PKzidkBy4brBpG43vFkiQ6ScoFQ/s200/DSC_1921+guldsmed.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 198px; width: 200px;" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJCftBvmHjA9T7eIp_0rrqgA7Y3K3pHxjcBtux9QSc1gNz6J_P-xAdph10X8RyWQG7Y9S0CLaJKpkb2A3kUmxKUlhewsWN-Zs3Utp7N0priKy50g1yiz2-jm5b95k3n5SsLOqmcQ/s1600-h/Forsthaven+068+guldsmed.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5372058937480618178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJCftBvmHjA9T7eIp_0rrqgA7Y3K3pHxjcBtux9QSc1gNz6J_P-xAdph10X8RyWQG7Y9S0CLaJKpkb2A3kUmxKUlhewsWN-Zs3Utp7N0priKy50g1yiz2-jm5b95k3n5SsLOqmcQ/s400/Forsthaven+068+guldsmed.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 268px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiilUw08pfgdIuc1kPZYOB74f8d6_WMC0ZJWdyj9Zf209lEYSsRfoXnbWsZjlVdlbb2VmIP-JPhqGVQem_ISPFXancTP9t8484In5dPHAuRCONZi0iu-6tqsGSbBrU53j-swVRZfQ/s1600-h/Forsthaven+066+guldsmed.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5372058472044927138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiilUw08pfgdIuc1kPZYOB74f8d6_WMC0ZJWdyj9Zf209lEYSsRfoXnbWsZjlVdlbb2VmIP-JPhqGVQem_ISPFXancTP9t8484In5dPHAuRCONZi0iu-6tqsGSbBrU53j-swVRZfQ/s200/Forsthaven+066+guldsmed.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 145px; width: 200px;" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgnJkGqAJyuvY6k12bdyAbc0TidTmRx9vAit5DhwnNJvlYUS5nv9LjSkvQm2gr6D9_Ug3LnZ0Z4N5jvcuqGrr_8qc2pF07-QD3MFdSnNlT1ZhvSHxSSEOSUIfD6-2OGTApn-m1Ew/s1600-h/Forsthaven+067+guldsmed.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5372058403028449810" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgnJkGqAJyuvY6k12bdyAbc0TidTmRx9vAit5DhwnNJvlYUS5nv9LjSkvQm2gr6D9_Ug3LnZ0Z4N5jvcuqGrr_8qc2pF07-QD3MFdSnNlT1ZhvSHxSSEOSUIfD6-2OGTApn-m1Ew/s200/Forsthaven+067+guldsmed.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 146px; width: 200px;" /></a><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Dragonfly in culture</span></span></b><br />
Dragonflies
have often been seen as sinister. Names like "Devil's darning needle"
and "ear cutter" link them with evil or injury. A folktale from Romania
says that the dragonfly was once a horse possessed by the devil. In
Swedish folklore the trolls use the dragonflies as spindles when weaving
their clothes. They are often associated with snakes, a Welsh name is
"adder's servant".<br />
In East Asia and among Native Americans,
dragonflies have a far better reputation, one that can also be said to
have positively influenced modern day views about dragonflies in most
countries, in the same vein as the insect's namesake the dragon, which
has a positive image in the east, but initially an association with evil
in the west.<br />
<br />
They also
have traditional uses as medicine in Japan and China.In some parts of
the world it is considered lucky to have a dragonfly land on you, even
to the point of yielding seven years of good luck. Images of dragonflies
were common in Art Noveau, especially in jewelry designs. They have
also been used as a decorative motif on Fabrics and home furnishings. <br />
About 300 million years ago dragonflies could be about 1 m long and with a wing span of ab. 1,2 m.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">photo 2005/ 2009: grethe bachmann</span></span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-14278450136000366842019-08-12T10:31:00.001-07:002019-08-12T10:31:21.306-07:00Black-tailed Skimmer /Stor Blåpil <span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Orthetrum cancellatrum</span></span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGbmn5ZXXHJH2ypEaJcppsikE0GA6XapfADGgUasEk94w75hVwanyPtzVCikjtz2_YmHiOhQoHp6fe66wJmZD6KUJeDGqWkKY9zHQYaAcC8X_SJbAVmKjVHBd74yg0ifoyd7k0/s1600-h/Vestjylland+074+blaapind.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5211022624892314370" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGbmn5ZXXHJH2ypEaJcppsikE0GA6XapfADGgUasEk94w75hVwanyPtzVCikjtz2_YmHiOhQoHp6fe66wJmZD6KUJeDGqWkKY9zHQYaAcC8X_SJbAVmKjVHBd74yg0ifoyd7k0/s400/Vestjylland+074+blaapind.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLbFNGqk4rAl9OTgwclKlms4uYCmjrZKoxcLzONiMctrGdnMJjcJ-hxzID137dLi5sgnpO9xb9D4zbjTj-DleQ7x3DbA_suuxjzhKM3HbmlVQ6kF66imWBhMi8s7uQrp5iM7l0/s1600-h/Vestjylland+067+blaapind.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5211022358021133282" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLbFNGqk4rAl9OTgwclKlms4uYCmjrZKoxcLzONiMctrGdnMJjcJ-hxzID137dLi5sgnpO9xb9D4zbjTj-DleQ7x3DbA_suuxjzhKM3HbmlVQ6kF66imWBhMi8s7uQrp5iM7l0/s400/Vestjylland+067+blaapind.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGpe-qJaN_HNkyEhBG9Wk-bO6EdgJT5WjLwQnA_777LBXy-M3r3ANT7FZYZ00z05nQt0wrwzTFIwvjFDu5D458jpszTyaQwV77OcassA7pHauYqOcddfqDNjjjm03ZaM0htZM5/s1600-h/Vestjylland+050+blaapind.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5211021913277906402" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGpe-qJaN_HNkyEhBG9Wk-bO6EdgJT5WjLwQnA_777LBXy-M3r3ANT7FZYZ00z05nQt0wrwzTFIwvjFDu5D458jpszTyaQwV77OcassA7pHauYqOcddfqDNjjjm03ZaM0htZM5/s400/Vestjylland+050+blaapind.jpg" style="cursor: pointer;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Black-tailed Skimmer/ Stor Blåpil<br />Vest Stadil Fjord,West Jutland</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span>Black-tailed
skimmer is common in North Africa and the most of Europe. In Norway it
is considered extinct. In Denmark it is known from all districts.
Since Denmark is on the northern border of its area of distribution it
is possible that the Danish occurence of black-tailed skimmer might be
influenced by climatic changes.<br />
<br />
The male has a blue
abdomen with a black tip and transparent wings and the female has a
yellowish brown body with black zigzag marks along the abdomen and the
transparent wings. It is an active skimmer that patrols its territory
aggressively frequently resting on patches of bare ground or stones
although it will occassionally rest up in vegetation. It favours open
areas of still water that has a hard not muddy substrate.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">How to help dragonflies and skimmers:</span><br />
Leave
patches of bare ground around the edges of larger water bodies and
leave cut grass and other vegetation to dry out in ‘habitat piles’.
These pale areas will attract basking dragonflies. Skimmers hunt from
low perches, so placing a few sticks or twigs close to the water’s edge
will also encourage them.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">photo Vest Stadil Fjord , DK : grethe bachmann</span></span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-45234830745470238152019-05-16T12:19:00.000-07:002019-05-16T12:19:22.409-07:00Legends from Denmark - Clausholm <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2d_ZIj7llSctrkZDS22eZyPfCWtjS4I6cZg6QyT3fOwvYgzfsfud_gV2bbidzqtgJwEqX98TvfoD0bfMhrG6gDElyl1vcyqobCTZXO0a-cDGRiIW3GdoC-f75Gx4CqwncBUY3/s1600/Clausholmforblog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="424" data-original-width="777" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2d_ZIj7llSctrkZDS22eZyPfCWtjS4I6cZg6QyT3fOwvYgzfsfud_gV2bbidzqtgJwEqX98TvfoD0bfMhrG6gDElyl1vcyqobCTZXO0a-cDGRiIW3GdoC-f75Gx4CqwncBUY3/s320/Clausholmforblog.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
Much has been said about the ghosts at Clausholm. The most wellknown tale is about the 22 steps and a guest at Clausholm experienced this in 1918. He describes: "When evening came the broad castle yard between the long grey wings was filled with shadows and the dusk was creepy. Every hour - just when the bells died out - a figure came out from the gable, stopped in the middle and began to sing. It was the watchman who all night through sang the old watchman-songs, while the bats flew in the light of the dusk".<br />
<br />
When people heard the echo from the songs they could sleep tight. He told he slept tight until the latest night, but about 30 minutes after midnight he heard the sound of long heavy steps from Anne Sophie's cabinet. In the same moment he remembered what he had promised the matron - that he had to lock the outer door. He was sure that some tramp tried to get in to have some night lodgings, and he went with a candle in his hand to the small tapestry door where he counted the last 22 steps of the creature behind the door - he opened the door very fast - but the room was empty! But one of the double doors which was locked the evening before was now wide open.<br />
<br /><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNuE3Udfz9iOFo-VGzvch19QNmVKdrm8dI3TsSlsN_mzSfD0uLMykZ5dZmKEAUgdN56LUgauDQ9rVaVFYbvQXdddJS-6rUd6U2tD-opcOUz77agjgfwSQskkmtggv8A2rixndZ/s1600/clausholm+Tumblr_lzsj9f68IW1r18xjc.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="302" data-original-width="265" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNuE3Udfz9iOFo-VGzvch19QNmVKdrm8dI3TsSlsN_mzSfD0uLMykZ5dZmKEAUgdN56LUgauDQ9rVaVFYbvQXdddJS-6rUd6U2tD-opcOUz77agjgfwSQskkmtggv8A2rixndZ/s200/clausholm+Tumblr_lzsj9f68IW1r18xjc.jpg" width="175" /></a>One of the owners of Clausholm wanted to reveal the 22 steps, which were said to be the steps of Anna Sophie Reventlow (d 1743) Frederik IV 's queen of the left hand. He sat one night in the room where the haunting took place. He placed a table with two loaded pistols beside the chair. His servant was ready beside him. At midnight the steps started and the servant handed the pistols to the lord. The lord cried"Stop or I shoot!" but the steps went on and he fired two shots which made a terrible noise through the castle. When the echos had died out the rest of the 22 steps were heard. Since then no one has tried a ghost hunt again at Clausholm. <br />
<br />
There is much unrest at Clausholm. In the night sounds from wagon rumbling are heard in the castle yard and clairvoyants say they can see a coach with four black horses - some even say the horses have no heads. There is also a secret passage somewhere but no one knows where it begins or ends.<br />
<br />
Once in the beginning of the 20th century a box was found upon the attic. It contained some documents and it was carried it down into the sitting room in order to investigate it further. But while people were searching the box an arm with a lace cuff came out from the air and took one of the documents and disappeared. The paper was never found again.<br />
<br />
<br />
<i>Source: Gorm Benzon, Sagnenes Danmark, Midtjylland/Himmerland/Djursland . 1984. </i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-28047894141522082972019-05-11T15:09:00.000-07:002019-05-11T15:12:15.362-07:00Horseradish/ Peberrod<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<i><span style="font-size: x-large;">Armoracia rusticana</span></i><br />
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<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5T9nFGztgmfDvPqwngXeAzMSs45s6_sw_X7jKlu59mVTHYBlaSQIMLqmD8i36BaP__PDn9eXy92_yq4SMi3eKv0bR03O2brzlOrPe3WQTADlSuW_qIxoozYGREhexTYJyEcSJ/s1600/horseradish++220px-Armoracia_rusticana.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="293" data-original-width="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5T9nFGztgmfDvPqwngXeAzMSs45s6_sw_X7jKlu59mVTHYBlaSQIMLqmD8i36BaP__PDn9eXy92_yq4SMi3eKv0bR03O2brzlOrPe3WQTADlSuW_qIxoozYGREhexTYJyEcSJ/s1600/horseradish++220px-Armoracia_rusticana.jpg" /></a><b>Horseradish</b> (<i>Armoracia rusticana</i>, syn. <i>Cochlearia armoracia</i>) is a perennial plant of the family Brassicaceae (which also includes mustard, wasabi, broccoli and cabbage). It is a root vegetable used as a spice and prepared as a condiment.<br />
<br />
<br />
The plant is probably native to southeastern Europe and western Asia. It grows up to 1.5 meters (4.9 feet) tall, and is cultivated primarily for its large, white, tapered root.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzlwDD3PC2lzCynqbLKEUZJ8012xReg3tivG8RixQrwgr0DYqcvH9BGeR_uSN3aI4_toQViCb6BXv-4PKV8y7yri48MBIRKfOmj35oYGy3DBjAEQ4XHZT-nm7UfA-pUE-9_Xfo/s1600/horseradish+jpg.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="485" data-original-width="360" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzlwDD3PC2lzCynqbLKEUZJ8012xReg3tivG8RixQrwgr0DYqcvH9BGeR_uSN3aI4_toQViCb6BXv-4PKV8y7yri48MBIRKfOmj35oYGy3DBjAEQ4XHZT-nm7UfA-pUE-9_Xfo/s320/horseradish+jpg.jpg" width="237" /></a>The intact horseradish root has hardly any aroma. When cut or grated enzymes from the now-broken plant cells break down sinigrin to produce mustard oil, which irritates the sinuses and eyes. Grated mash should be used immediately or preserved in vinegar
for best flavor. Once exposed to air or heat it will begin to lose its
pungency, darken in color, and become unpleasantly bitter tasting over
time.<br />
<br />
After the first frost in autumn kills the leaves, the root is
dug and divided. The main root is harvested and one or more large
offshoots of the main root are replanted to produce next year's crop.
Horseradish left undisturbed in the garden spreads via underground
shoots and can become invasive.
Older roots left in the ground become woody, after which they are no
longer culinarily useful, although older plants can be dug and
re-divided to start new plants.
The early season leaves can be distinctively different, asymmetric
spiky, before the mature typical flat broad leaves start to be
developed.
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<h2>
</h2>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxcHwgDtOhimJ_A3VTNkEF7JW5TBT_9lmOySl0LyIX8IAXINmr5IeWwFYjKPy88crNqjRdwd5_sAYhc_ze7j_dtYgzM4_pD6eO9djAr9iDFtrM00xrjaDdP6zaS-ZuYXVhH9Pk/s1600/horseradish+800px-Kren_Verkauf.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="547" data-original-width="800" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxcHwgDtOhimJ_A3VTNkEF7JW5TBT_9lmOySl0LyIX8IAXINmr5IeWwFYjKPy88crNqjRdwd5_sAYhc_ze7j_dtYgzM4_pD6eO9djAr9iDFtrM00xrjaDdP6zaS-ZuYXVhH9Pk/s200/horseradish+800px-Kren_Verkauf.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">History </span></i><br />
Horseradish has been cultivated since Antiquity. According to Greek mythology, the Delphic oracle told Apollo that the horseradish was worth its weight in gold. Cato discusses the plant in his treatises on agriculture, and a mural in Pompei shows the plant. Horseradish is probably the plant mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his natural history under the name of <i>Amoracia</i>, and recommended by him for its medicinal qualities, and possibly the wild radish or <i>raphanos agrios</i> of the Greeks. The early Renaissance herbalists Pietro Andrea Mattioli and John Gerard showed it under raphanus. Its modern lonnean genus <i>Armoracia</i> was first applied to it by Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius in his flora Jenensis 1745, but Linneaeus himself called it <i>Coclearia armoracia</i>.<br />
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<br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">Medicine</span></i><br />
Both root and leaves were used as a medicine during the Middle Ages both in fol medicine and in traditional medicine , fx as a means against fever. As a means against gouts a poultice with horseradish was placed upon the sick joint.<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: large;">Kitchen </span></i><br />
The root was used as a condiment on meats in Germany, Scandinavia, and
Britain. It was introduced to North America during European
colonialization; both George Washington and Thomas Jefferson mention
horseradish in garden accounts.William Turner mentions horseradish as <i>Red Cole</i> in his "Herbal" (1551–1568), but not as a condiment. In <i>The Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes</i> (1597), John Gerard describes it under the name of <i>raphanus rusticanus</i>, stating that it occurs wild in several parts of England. After referring to its medicinal uses, he says:
<br />
<blockquote class="templatequote">
"[T]he Horse Radish stamped with a
little vinegar put thereto, is commonly used among the Germans for sauce
to eat fish with and such like meats as we do mustard."
</blockquote>
The word <i>horseradish</i> is attested in English from the 1590s. It combines the word <i>horse</i> (formerly used in a figurative sense to mean strong or coarse) and the word <i>radish</i>.
<br />
<h2>
</h2>
<h2>
</h2>
Cooks use the terms "horseradish" or "prepared horseradish" to
refer to the grated root of the pepparroot.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLrECDk3la71tcK-tRuFpVSnEHe9EGU2vCSzU7TzzUKVhEbWN2ykJVam-tkGObZgvn2ZdLib3AanYH3tAEAic-36QyBDiuJwLnZUJt-K_1PDGOHIO23_KJlHxmqxov9E7w5xAO/s1600/horseradish+800px-Gardenology.org-IMG_2788_rbgs11jan.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLrECDk3la71tcK-tRuFpVSnEHe9EGU2vCSzU7TzzUKVhEbWN2ykJVam-tkGObZgvn2ZdLib3AanYH3tAEAic-36QyBDiuJwLnZUJt-K_1PDGOHIO23_KJlHxmqxov9E7w5xAO/s320/horseradish+800px-Gardenology.org-IMG_2788_rbgs11jan.jpg" width="239" /></a><br />
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<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdg9VEo9JKtUb3tqpz38vEOL1jcURg45KjsEg6LDighIKKvEeQwJjava_N_Oh0KcVTSz_bRNJCea4DDea8tn4wA751algk4GDxxM5dKPvbO3tW2CvWQwtli09pQNgrClJr9qIZ/s1600/horseradish+Heinz_horseradish_sauce.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="868" data-original-width="400" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdg9VEo9JKtUb3tqpz38vEOL1jcURg45KjsEg6LDighIKKvEeQwJjava_N_Oh0KcVTSz_bRNJCea4DDea8tn4wA751algk4GDxxM5dKPvbO3tW2CvWQwtli09pQNgrClJr9qIZ/s200/horseradish+Heinz_horseradish_sauce.jpg" width="91" /></a><br />
Horseradish sauce made from grated horseradish root and vinegar is a popular condiment in the United Kingdom and Poland. In the UK, it is usually served with roast beef, often as part of a traditional Sunday roast;
but can be used in a number of other dishes also, including sandwiches
or salads. A variation of horseradish sauce, which in some cases may
substitute the vinegar with other products like lemon juice is known in Germany as <i>Tafelmeerrettich</i>. Also popular in the UK is Tewkesbury mustard, a blend of mustard and grated horseradish originating in medieval times and mentioned by Shakespeare. Falstaff says: "his wit's as thick as Tewkesbury Mustard" (in Henry IV Part II). A very similar mustard, called <i>Krensenf</i> or <i>Meerrettichsenf</i>, is popular in Austria and parts of Eastern Germany. In Russia horseradish root is usually mixed with grated garlic and small amount of tomatoes for color.<br />
<br />
In the US the term "horseradish sauce" refers to grated horseradish combined with mayonnaise or salad dressing. Prepared horseradish is a common ingredient in Bloody Mary cocktails and in cocktail sauce,
and is used as a sauce or sandwich spread.<br />
<br />
In Central and Eastern Europe horseradish is called <i>khren</i>, <i>hren</i> and <i>ren</i> (in various spellings like <i>kren</i>) in many Slavic languages, in Austria, in parts of Germany (where the other German name <i>Meerrettich</i> is not used), in North-East Italy, and in Yiddish. There are two varieties of khreyn. "Red" khreyn is mixed with red beetroot and "white" khreyn contains no beetroot. <br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw8ufq-4fTE1rfRc3lx4LM5qOeLfP1mlBCNoz6KPLJt4ZwwJxkn17QhUQNHhyphenhyphenKIyMudzXY4TutzmPwr9ttq6CiyLmPhcTFcmhmP71ei0Zx9s-8qdLvDVwVAX8ur18nDIyMPtAx/s1600/horseradish+with+beetroot1280px-Food_012.JPG" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1044" data-original-width="1280" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw8ufq-4fTE1rfRc3lx4LM5qOeLfP1mlBCNoz6KPLJt4ZwwJxkn17QhUQNHhyphenhyphenKIyMudzXY4TutzmPwr9ttq6CiyLmPhcTFcmhmP71ei0Zx9s-8qdLvDVwVAX8ur18nDIyMPtAx/s200/horseradish+with+beetroot1280px-Food_012.JPG" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">horseradish with beetroot</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<nia a="" and="" anin="" buklgaia="" central="" christian="" easter="" eastern="" europe.="" having="" in="" is="" jewish="" lithuania="" nbsp="" of="" on="" p="" part="" passover="" slovakia="" table="" the="" this="" tradition=""> In Ashkenazi European Jewish cooking beetroot horseradish is commonly served with gefilte fish. In Transylvania and other Romanian regions, Red beetroot with horseradish is also used as a salad served with lamb dishes at Easter. In Serbia, <i>ren</i> is an essential condiment with cooked meat and freshly roasted suckling pig.In Croatia, freshly grated horseradish is often eaten with boiled ham or beef.In Slovenia, and in the adjacent Italian regions and nearby Italian region of Veneto, horseradish (often grated and mixed with sour cream, vinegar, hard-boiled eggs, or apples) is also a traditional Easter dish.Further west in the Italian regions of Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, and Piedmont, it is called "Barbaforte (strong beard)" and is a traditional accompaniment to Bollito misto. In the southern region of Basilicata it is known as "rafano" and used for the preparation of the so-called "rafanata", a main course made of horseradish, eggs, cheese and sausage. Horseradish is also used as a main ingredient for soups.
</nia><br />
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>
</h3>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS54JN6NPaD8oOl2E1ieZOG1h8n-ZzKb8tqsZdEhdOv8mls_wT6-FT1uiKKRIpPHeS8SCk_Ht5iO8AfsLm2vEHUVZSaAYHQXALyxH0hXrtTpWhyphenhyphenIuS8S9qAqiEEWrVfxQDcBW6/s1600/horseradish+00px-Wasabi%252C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS54JN6NPaD8oOl2E1ieZOG1h8n-ZzKb8tqsZdEhdOv8mls_wT6-FT1uiKKRIpPHeS8SCk_Ht5iO8AfsLm2vEHUVZSaAYHQXALyxH0hXrtTpWhyphenhyphenIuS8S9qAqiEEWrVfxQDcBW6/s320/horseradish+00px-Wasabi%252C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">wasabi plant , painted by Asaki Kanen.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span class="mw-headline" id="Relation_to_wasabi"> </span><br />
<i><span class="mw-headline" id="Relation_to_wasabi" style="font-size: large;">Relation to wasabi</span></i><br />
The Japanese condiment wasabi although traditionally prepared from the true wasabi plant (<i>Wasabia japonica</i>), is now usually made with horseradish due to the scarcity of the wasabi plant. The Japanese botanical name for horseradish is <i>seiyōwasabi</i> or "Western wasabi". Both plants are members of the family brassicaceae.
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<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Pests_and_diseases"> </span></h3>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Pests_and_diseases"> </span></h3>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Pests_and_diseases">Pests and diseases</span></h3>
Widely introduced by accident, "cabbageworms", the larvae of Pieris rapae,
the Small White butterfly, are a common caterpillar pest in
horseradish. The adults are white butterflies with black spots on the
forewings that are commonly seen flying around plants during the day.
The caterpillars are velvety green with faint yellow stripes running
lengthwise down the back and sides. Full grown caterpillars are about
1-inch (25 mm) in length. They move sluggishly when prodded. They
overwinter in green pupal cases. Adults start appearing in gardens after
the last frost and are a problem through the remainder of the growing
season. There are three to five overlapping generations a year. Mature
caterpillars chew large, ragged holes in the leaves leaving the large
veins intact. Handpicking is an effective control strategy in home
gardens.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-65653117103128947652019-04-05T00:54:00.000-07:002019-04-05T00:54:03.851-07:00Help the Bumblebee!<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdokfT0oDHrjMZLEyYMEOhOmby1_XYVYwd4J5yWbksVa_GWqEKCWsxZlB9oTo2tv31-PdIqKiBUCojmuE-dF3S2_r1ar-14Lnz-fXsNH9f1UGwyvisuq2LurOWnZKFOblVcqjmJw/s1600/DSC_2869+sommerfuglebusk.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5468418573181395634" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdokfT0oDHrjMZLEyYMEOhOmby1_XYVYwd4J5yWbksVa_GWqEKCWsxZlB9oTo2tv31-PdIqKiBUCojmuE-dF3S2_r1ar-14Lnz-fXsNH9f1UGwyvisuq2LurOWnZKFOblVcqjmJw/s400/DSC_2869+sommerfuglebusk.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 257px; width: 400px;" /></a><br />
<br />
People
in usual have a soft spot for the bumblebee - that little plump
creature is forever fighting with its helter-skelter way of flying while
it is humming so lovely - a symbol of a sunny day in the garden or a
summer day out in the country.<br />
<br />
When the bumblebee-queen
wakes from her winter sleep, it is early spring. The bumblebee
endures low temperatures better than the honeybee, but in many places
the cultural landscape is a problem for the bumblebee. It has lost
terrain because of corn crops, lesser and lesser windbreaks and almost
no earth banks or stone fences , which means that the bumblebee has been
declining during the last decades.<br />
<br />
A garden owner is
able to help the bumblebee to get started in the early spring by i.e.
planting Goat willow, crocus, Christmas rose and early flowering
heather, which is good food for the bumblebee in the early spring.
Nest-places can be established by leaving part of a woodpile or a bundle
of twigs - or maybe build a small stone fence in the garden. A nesting
box for the tit with a hole of two centimeters diameter could be a fine
home for the bumble bee.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Source: Natur og Miljø, Nr. 1 March 2010, article by Jan Skriver.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjayXpJko-lwsDsJ6OrgpVQl6KMrIkf2YVJ0svL-FWwbCv1W2qUJAeNl7f8YinbfuvisJC1v695b91zaE0sUnROYp-Oh5XS5m8O015kBUGO9CVDGpwD5kPphRAwJ-brWo6eQLgVjw/s1600/DSC_2040+humlebi.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5468418990614401506" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjayXpJko-lwsDsJ6OrgpVQl6KMrIkf2YVJ0svL-FWwbCv1W2qUJAeNl7f8YinbfuvisJC1v695b91zaE0sUnROYp-Oh5XS5m8O015kBUGO9CVDGpwD5kPphRAwJ-brWo6eQLgVjw/s400/DSC_2040+humlebi.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 400px; width: 399px;" /></a><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">Bumblebee with flower dust on its back.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">photo : grethe bachmann</span></span>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-28022946956389628882019-01-12T09:38:00.000-08:002019-01-12T09:41:59.368-08:00The famous cat Maru <i><span style="font-size: large;">Many Maru 23</span></i><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTgEcdqvH5yAdS34SSDTRnFU-aeG8U-GHghkY1Z3DjI_JhsZz3oLn9JuauYyAsH_N5SMUQ_QBElIJaQuCHUFX3Twe-s3S016WMkcEcFB3CHJ5STN6znKSsB0Uz538zSW8oPLMR/s1600/maru.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="470" data-original-width="853" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTgEcdqvH5yAdS34SSDTRnFU-aeG8U-GHghkY1Z3DjI_JhsZz3oLn9JuauYyAsH_N5SMUQ_QBElIJaQuCHUFX3Twe-s3S016WMkcEcFB3CHJ5STN6znKSsB0Uz538zSW8oPLMR/s320/maru.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bgm-NSg3Zeg">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bgm-NSg3Zeg</a><br />
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Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18679050.post-38764491127087629342018-12-28T05:30:00.000-08:002019-03-22T03:08:16.310-07:00Classic Cocktails <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">WHISKY</span></span></i></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqI7AbxmjN5qNSyg31p-nqMXZ4RsyHcr9rKqzVWhjGhY5eJ1zUf5qopAIcK52DdFR_8CAE97a_qxbxlvgprhCnCONgCDMX7akRH1Z4HhTE6OXPA4BRLAfpjWvZJot5JVIJOKoA/s1600/cocktail+300px-Manhattan_cocktail.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqI7AbxmjN5qNSyg31p-nqMXZ4RsyHcr9rKqzVWhjGhY5eJ1zUf5qopAIcK52DdFR_8CAE97a_qxbxlvgprhCnCONgCDMX7akRH1Z4HhTE6OXPA4BRLAfpjWvZJot5JVIJOKoA/s1600/cocktail+300px-Manhattan_cocktail.jpg" width="150" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Manhattan </i></span><br />
<br />
1/3 sweet Vermouth<br />
2/3 American blended Whisky<br />
1 spray Angostura bitter<br />
2-3 ice cubes<br />
1 cocktail cherry <br />
orange peel. <br />
<br />
Vermouth,
whisky, angostura and ice into the mix-glass. Stir carefully with the
bar-spoon so you do not "spoil" the spirits and "muddle" the drink. Put 1
cocktail cherry in the cocktail glass. Put the strainer over the
mix-glass, pour into the cocktail glass. Press the orange peel over the
glass with the outer side turned to the glass. The oil from the peel
will lay upon the surface of the drink, giving a characteristic aroma
(do not put the peel into the drink)<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Rob Roy</i></span><br />
<br />
1/4 sweet Vermouth<br />
3/4 Scotch Whisky<br />
6-8 ice cubes<br />
1 orange peel<br />
<br />
Vermouth
and whisky into the mix-glass and then ice cubes Stir carefully Strain
and pour into a cocktail glass. Press the orange peel over the glass
and put it into the drink<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Rusty Nail</i></span><br />
<br />
1/2 Scotch Whisky<br />
1/2 Drambuie<br />
2 ice cubes<br />
<br />
Whisky and Drambuie into an old fashion glass Then ice cubes. Stir lightly.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Irish Handshake</i></span><br />
<br />
1/2 Whisky<br />
1/4 green Chartreuse<br />
!/4 cream<br />
shake with ice <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;">GIN</span></i></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Dry Martini</i></span><br />
<br />
3/4 gin<br />
1/4 dry vermouth<br />
<br />
The
"original" Martini was introduced as Martinez ab. 1860. It started with
1/2 gin and 1/2 dry vermouth. The name was changed to Martini in 1890.
now with 2/3 gin and 1/3 vermouth. The change went on and the drink
became more and more dry. <br />
Each Martini fan has his own opinion
about the method. Some use only a spray of vermouth,others just rub the
vermouth cork on the glass. The drink is therefore by experts
considered to be too raw if it is only mixed, but if it is shaked quickly
with ice the Martini gets a more gentle taste and at the same time the
drink is cooled in a perfect way. And there is no need for ice cubes
which would make the drink thinner.<br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Gin Fizz </i></span><br />
<br />
1/3 lemon juice<br />
2/3 gin<br />
1 spoon icing sugar<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
club soda<br />
<br />
lemon
juice, gin an sugar into the mix-glass. Stir well until the sugar is
dissolved. Put ice cubes in. Shake well.. Strain through the strainer
and pour into a medium size glass. Rinse off the shaker with a little
club soda which is put into the glass.<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Pink Lady (or Cover Club)</i></span><br />
1/6 lemon juice<br />
5/6 gin<br />
1 teaspoon grenadine<br />
1 egg-white<br />
a little cream<br />
3-4 ice cubes.<br />
<br />
Lemon
juice, gin, grenadine, egg-white, cream and ice cubes into the
mix-glass. Shake well and strain it. Serve in a cocktail glass. <br />
<br />
<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEm-MfcRFHbNXH0iuo3EMd_rKuoFLpwWKD8N41tb4RhsnfmFv6w2FLRwkBJzhhpfGRSApLdUNrcCthavr4FRN9itgH3xfrhfn6bDnDxHia_1fM8QWc5jIPmoA5LLmrM0CIJEu9/s1600/cocktail+330px-Singapore_Sling.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEm-MfcRFHbNXH0iuo3EMd_rKuoFLpwWKD8N41tb4RhsnfmFv6w2FLRwkBJzhhpfGRSApLdUNrcCthavr4FRN9itgH3xfrhfn6bDnDxHia_1fM8QWc5jIPmoA5LLmrM0CIJEu9/s1600/cocktail+330px-Singapore_Sling.jpg" width="150" /></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Singapore Sling</i></span><br />
<br />
2 ice cubes<br />
1/8 cherry heering<br />
1/8 lemon juice<br />
3/4 gin<br />
water<br />
<br />
<br />
Ice cubes, cherry heering, lemon juice and gin into a medium size glass. Fill up with cold water and stir.<br />
Singapore
sling is said to origin from Raffles Hotel in Singapore, and some claim
that the original drink besides the mentioned ingredients also include a
few drops Benedictine and brandy, 1 orange slice and a little fresh
mint<br />
Some recipes say club soda instead of the cold water Then it is called Singapore rickey and not <br />
Singapore sling.<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ0DN9ynDfgla0wSX_9k6YMC7nZTfTM5cuw3xsXirrPed1Y-cdwVDbKeGKLYYq1C9VqmRqP1VV3sf4s9Em0-T62WDq_IRzBDn1un9WJHwNjScZiACyjNTQB3qHRAmnaZ-LRn_Z/s1600/cocktail+330px-Tom_Collins_cocktail.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ0DN9ynDfgla0wSX_9k6YMC7nZTfTM5cuw3xsXirrPed1Y-cdwVDbKeGKLYYq1C9VqmRqP1VV3sf4s9Em0-T62WDq_IRzBDn1un9WJHwNjScZiACyjNTQB3qHRAmnaZ-LRn_Z/s1600/cocktail+330px-Tom_Collins_cocktail.jpg" width="240" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Tom Collins</i></span><br />
<br />
1/4 lemon juice<br />
3/4 gin<br />
1 1/2 tesaspoon icing sugar<br />
2 ice cubes<br />
club soda<br />
1 orange slice<br />
1 cocktail cherry<br />
<br />
Lemon
juice, gin and sugar in a whiskyglass , stir with the bar spoon until
sugar is dissolved. Put in ice cubes and fill the glass up with club
soda. Decorate evt. with an orange slice and/or a cocktail cherry.<br />
Rum
is often used instead of gin and then the drink is called Rum Collins.
But bourbon, brandy, scotch whisky or vodka might also be used instead
of gin. With bourbon or blended whisky the drink is called John Collins.
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i>VODKA </i></span></span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Black Russian</i></span><br />
<br />
1/4 kahlua<br />
3/4 vodka<br />
2-3 ice cubes. <br />
<br />
Kahlua and vodka into the mix-glass and then ice cubes. Stir lightly. Strain and pour in a coctail glass. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i> </i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: large;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgLdrG5VnFc1hCG3C9e4bOIY74VOr4zlB1FH-Ae1L-tv-KbRl7jcagQ2CghJ8qALDqb84m7XfK-ZfqyGl6s1H6P5XF1_V67PvsR-QSXoJ3txvjcwY_CIGuPiH3OSqyw8q3bj1e/s1600/cocktail+Bloodymary.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgLdrG5VnFc1hCG3C9e4bOIY74VOr4zlB1FH-Ae1L-tv-KbRl7jcagQ2CghJ8qALDqb84m7XfK-ZfqyGl6s1H6P5XF1_V67PvsR-QSXoJ3txvjcwY_CIGuPiH3OSqyw8q3bj1e/s1600/cocktail+Bloodymary.JPG" width="240" /></a></i></span></i></span></i></span><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Bloody Mary</i></span><br />
8-10 ice cubes<br />
2 teaspoon lemon juice<br />
2 teaspoon tomato juice <br />
3/7 (evt 1/3) vodka<br />
4/7 (evt. 2/3) vodka<br />
2 drops Worcestershire sauce<br />
2 drops Tabasco<br />
fresh grounded pepper<br />
a little celery salt<br />
<br />
Ice
cubes into the mix-glass, then lemon juice, tomato juice, vodka,
worcestershire sauce and Tabasco. A little fresh grounded pepper, evt. a
little celery salt upon the top.<br />
If Bloody Mary is served on the rocks it is done as above and poured into a glass with 2-3 ice cubes.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;">RUM</span></i></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1mUiHZe9p12VaMo1BgbbaN4p1ng4f-6m5VHZEYzohAUxyGlzhzj1WlMWGg_dmeqX4ES4o4Ih3FfKJQ2IX_Z7UsWMzlWZgCDxxaSfUJcNcy63P2CaqKZt7aotwAGEKTntk116M/s1600/cocktail+CubaLibre3.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1mUiHZe9p12VaMo1BgbbaN4p1ng4f-6m5VHZEYzohAUxyGlzhzj1WlMWGg_dmeqX4ES4o4Ih3FfKJQ2IX_Z7UsWMzlWZgCDxxaSfUJcNcy63P2CaqKZt7aotwAGEKTntk116M/s1600/cocktail+CubaLibre3.jpg" width="173" /></a>Cuba Libre</i></span><br />
<br />
juice from 1/4 lemon<br />
1/3 rum<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
2/3 coca cola<br />
a lemon slice<br />
<br />
lemon juice, rum and ice cubes into a tall glass. Fill with coca cola, stir and decorate with 1/2 lemon slice.<br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Daiquiri</i></span><br />
<br />
1/ 4 lemon juice<br />
1 teaspoon icing sugar<br />
1 teaspoon Cointreau or Triple sec<br />
3/4 white rum<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
evt. a little egg.white. <br />
<br />
Lemon
juice and sugar into the mix-glass and stir with the bar-spoon until
the sugar is dissolved. Add the Cointreau or Triple sec, rum and ice.
Shake well, and pour through the strainer into the cocktail glass.<br />
In order to make the Daiquire still more foamy,try to add a little egg-white before you shake.<br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Mai-Tai</i></span><br />
<br />
Juice from 1/2 lemon<br />
1/6 apricot brandy<br />
1/6 curacao<br />
2/3 dark Jamaica rum<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
1 cut of fresh pineapple.<br />
<br />
Lemon
juice, apricot brandy, curacao, rum and ice cubes into the mix-glass.
Shake well, strain and pour into the cocktail glass. Decorate with a cut
of frech pineapple<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i>TEQUILA </i></span></span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Margarita I</i></span><br />
<br />
1 lemon slice<br />
a little coarse salt<br />
1/5 lemon juice<br />
4/5 tequila<br />
1 1/2 teaspoon icing sugar<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
<br />
<br />
Rub
the inside of the edge of a cooled cocktail glass with lemon slice. Put
salt on a plate and dip the glass in it so a thin layer of salt is on
the glass edge. Lemon juice and sugar into the mix-glass and stir until
the sugar is dissolved. Add tequila and ice cubes, shake well, strain it
into the salt-edged cocktail glas.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Margarita II</i></span><br />
<br />
1 lemon slice<br />
a little coarse salt<br />
1/5 lemon juice<br />
3/5 tequila<br />
1 /5 Triple Sec<br />
3-4 ice cubes.<br />
<br />
Same procedure as Margarita I.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">COGNAC </span></span></i></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzL8GBOCa4yyguNAA0nuEPvNlMokdO4kGgWCtmwGqEOz5UtgK9ry5pVdfw2ztc9VjsOmteKrY6C_tPgY10TiPffVtKQPS3oeYYJ9nDwTbAC4iSKVyh1G-k96wx0OpjDID8tz1s/s1600/cocktail+30px-Sidecar-cocktail.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzL8GBOCa4yyguNAA0nuEPvNlMokdO4kGgWCtmwGqEOz5UtgK9ry5pVdfw2ztc9VjsOmteKrY6C_tPgY10TiPffVtKQPS3oeYYJ9nDwTbAC4iSKVyh1G-k96wx0OpjDID8tz1s/s1600/cocktail+30px-Sidecar-cocktail.jpg" width="132" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Sidecar</i></span><br />
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1/3 cointreau or Triple sec<br />
2/3 cognac<br />
1 spoonful lemon juice<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
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Cointreau
or Triple sec, cognac, lemon juice and ice cubes into the mix-glass.
Shake well and strain through the strainer into the cocktail glas.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Stinger</i></span><br />
3/4 cognac<br />
1/4 creme de menthe<br />
3-4 ice cubes<br />
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Cognac, the white creme de menthe and the ice cubes into the mix-glass. Shake well and strain it into the cocktail glass.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">CHAMPAGNE </span></span></i></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFxbvHg4ivKByXkJPfMJjcZbgiUkfpC2D1zSVwUKOXu0YOy2KKHPcsFtuZo8IYNKx14O6lNZV-IeATeZS4xF8NevbSij5kRv4VTr30I7pl1CMWpm2X5mtS1wk3Tor_YQTDxjDe/s1600/cocktail+220px-Blanc_de_Blancs_Champagne.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFxbvHg4ivKByXkJPfMJjcZbgiUkfpC2D1zSVwUKOXu0YOy2KKHPcsFtuZo8IYNKx14O6lNZV-IeATeZS4xF8NevbSij5kRv4VTr30I7pl1CMWpm2X5mtS1wk3Tor_YQTDxjDe/s1600/cocktail+220px-Blanc_de_Blancs_Champagne.jpg" width="212" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Champagne cocktail </i></span><br />
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6 measure icecold champagne<br />
1 orange peel<br />
1 teaspoon cognac<br />
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The
icecold champagne into a champagne glass. Wring the orange peel above
the glass and put it in. Pour slowly the cognac in so it is floating on
the champagne.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQJCoFbQ72xTXH_vgiVtDzgWlCka82IiDsxR0js7lxsdn6SdSNgAVnYJUtMwnME3FW7JY5DFl4SkD1k37A7rCI78lWose_J3RlXcEM8HBhtQft9dt_giVkzRRjZ3WbXSLixo1i/s1600/cocktail+330px-Black_Velvet_Cocktail_Layered.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQJCoFbQ72xTXH_vgiVtDzgWlCka82IiDsxR0js7lxsdn6SdSNgAVnYJUtMwnME3FW7JY5DFl4SkD1k37A7rCI78lWose_J3RlXcEM8HBhtQft9dt_giVkzRRjZ3WbXSLixo1i/s1600/cocktail+330px-Black_Velvet_Cocktail_Layered.jpg" width="90" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Black Velvet</i></span><br />
<br />
1/2 cold guiness stout<br />
1/2 cold champagne<br />
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Traditional
way : Hold cold stout in one hand and cold champagne in the other. Pour
into a tall cold glass at the same time. A more simple way is to first
pour stout in an then fill the glass very slowly with champagne. Do not
stir but drink at once before the bubbles die and the good taste
disappears. <br />
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><i><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">WINE</span></i></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCJ8NrfEdP-pMkiJJYaU2AyNz3NOLSQr7zlBOitoOkY26vvUWsHucF_WKQQi2v4QH8SYKxOZj2XpCW4EexYye8fHkYicSnoymRbh007uafZKmHwd1g88ncRozruToYncLguC8F/s1600/cockltail+kirr330px-Kir_cocktail.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCJ8NrfEdP-pMkiJJYaU2AyNz3NOLSQr7zlBOitoOkY26vvUWsHucF_WKQQi2v4QH8SYKxOZj2XpCW4EexYye8fHkYicSnoymRbh007uafZKmHwd1g88ncRozruToYncLguC8F/s1600/cockltail+kirr330px-Kir_cocktail.jpg" width="132" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Kirr</i></span><br />
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2 ice cubes<br />
5/6 dry white wine<br />
1/6 creme de cassis<br />
1 lemon peel <br />
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Put
ice cubes, white wine and creme de cassis in a large wine glass. Wring
the lemon peel over the glass and put it in. Stir lightly.<br />
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<i>Source: Vin og spiritus/Alverdens kogekunst/ 1968 -1970 </i>Thyrahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06784021614587470421noreply@blogger.com0